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    Item type:Publication,
    The role of inhibitory control in the ability to solve problems of university students
    (2020) ;
    Acosta-Rodas P.
    ;
    Ortiz-Granja D.
    ;
    Lepe-Martínez N.
    ;
    Valle M.D.
    The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of inhibitory control in the ability to solve problems of university students. The sample consisted of 90 young people with typical development (Mage= 20.58, SD= 1.27), 39 females (43.33%) and 51 males (56.7%). The Stroop and the Anillas' Test tasks were applied as instruments. As results, it was found a directly proportional and predictive relationship between inhibitory control and problem-solving of university students (correlation between: r= .34 and .47, p= <.01; prediction: r2= .14, F(1,88)= 13.88, p= <.01). It concludes by reflecting on the contribution of conscious control to solve problems faced by the university student on a day-to-day basis in an efficient way and invites future research in order to train inhibitory control. © 2020 Fundacion para la difusion neurologica en Ecuador - FUNDINE. All rights reserved.
      24
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    Evaluation of Augmented Reality Applications for the Teaching-Learning Process
    Different studies show that A.R. has been implemented in several areas of education with positive and encouraging results, for example, in the teaching of anatomy [1] in the literature [23] for reading comprehension, immersive learning [1], preschool education, creation of educational video games to name a few examples. Therefore, the present research project aimed to evaluate 3 augmented reality applications used in the learning of human body systems, the applications evaluated were: Virtualiti Tee, Merge Object Viewer and Humanoid 4d. The evaluation of the platforms focused on determining which one offered the best augmented reality animations, the quality of information on the subject, the design of each application, the best application from the students’ perspective, among other aspects evaluated. The population consisted of 81 people made up of 36 men and 45 women whose age varies between 13 and 16 years of age (Mage=14,074), the exogenous variables were controlled: gender, socioeconomic level, age and academic level, so these characteristics were homogeneous in all participants. The intervention project was worked on in 8 sessions with a duration of 40 min each, in the last session the data collection instrument was applied which consisted of a survey, once the instrument was applied, we proceeded with the analysis and processing of the data from which the following results are derived, according to 42% of the students, the best application to study the systems of the body 43% of students consider that the application that has the best animations with augmented reality is Virtualiti Tee and 53% indicated that the application that provides the most complete information on the subject is HUMANOID 4D.
      33
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    Item type:Publication,
    The role of executive functions in academic performance and behaviour of university students
    (2020) ;
    Acosta-Rodas P.
    ;
    ;
    Lepe-Martínez N.
    Purpose: The purpose of this paper is fourfold: first, to analyse the relationship between executive functions and academic performance; second, to identify the level of prediction executive functions have on academic performance; third, to determine the correlation between executive functions and academic performance; and fourth, to compare executive functions based on the level of academic performance. Design/methodology/approach: The sample composed of 175 university students aged between 18 and 36 years (M=21.49, SD=3.22). The EFECO scale, the average student grade and a scale based on the diagnostic criteria for ADHD were used as measurement instruments. Findings: Difficulties in executive functions: Difficulties in working memory (r=−0.30, p=<0.01) and difficulties in conscious supervision of behaviour (r=−0.29, p⩽0.01) have an inversely proportional relationship to academic performance (the greater the deficit of executive functions, the lower the academic performance). The regression analysis showed that executive functions explain 31 per cent of the variance of academic performance (χ2(25)=43.81, p <0.001). The study found that there is a relationship between all the executive functions and students’ behaviour in a medium to large magnitude. Research limitations/implications: A limitation of this study was the size of the sample as it is not representative of the country. Nevertheless, the correlation among the variables studied here has the necessary magnitude for the proposed correlations to be found. Nonetheless, it is necessary that we perform a study with a larger number of participants in order to achieve adequate extrapolation of the results. Practical implications: Data found in this study suggest that low academic performance of university students is related to a lower functionality of their executive functions. Originality/value: The originality of the research lies in relating specific concepts of neuropsychology to explain the academic performance of university students. The research findings allow us to project new studies to improve the executive functions for the benefit of the university student. © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited.
      45
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    Systematic Review of Executive Function Stimulation Methods in the ADHD Population
    (2024) ;
    Deyaneira Brito
    ;
    Brayan Rodríguez
    ;
    Brenda Guerrero
    ;
    Background/Objectives: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by elevated motor activity, impulsivity, and attention deficit. Approximately 5% of the population suffers from this disorder. Among the key explanations of ADHD, executive functions play an important role in understanding the symptomatology present in this disorder and in determining the main treatment strategies for affected patients. We present a systematic review that seeks to identify the treatment methods developed to support executive functions in individuals with ADHD. Methods: Articles were analyzed in the SCOPUS, PUBMED, and Science Direct databases. Initially, 739 articles were found. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 articles remained and were included in the data extraction process. Results: Among the primary treatments identified, 14 studies propose psychological training for executive functions, 9 studies recommend medication, 5 studies suggest digital interventions, and 1 study advocates for sports as beneficial for executive functions. Conclusions: The data are discussed around the need to develop new proposals to enhance the executive functions of individuals with ADHD, thereby improving their performance in educational, personal, social, and family activities impacted by this disorder.
      18  2
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    Executive functions in university students from Chile and Ecuador: Dataset
    (2025) ;
    Diego D. Díaz-Guerra
    ;
    Marena de la C. Hernández-Lugo
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    ;
    Yunier Broche-Pérez
    Executive functions are high-level cognitive abilities that enable individuals to regulate their behavior and thought processes consciously. In the university setting, students must effectively utilize these functions to achieve success in both their personal and academic development. The key executive functions relevant to the university context include: the supervisory attentional system, deliberate emotional regulation, conscious monitoring of responsibilities, behavior verification for learning, task organization, conscious behavior regulation, and decision-making. This dataset comprises 1373 surveys from university students in Ecuador and Chile, aged between 17 and 33 years (Mage = 20.53, SD = 2.34). It includes descriptive statistical values for the sample, item responses, and detailed descriptions of each evaluated variable. This database is designed to facilitate further analysis of the Executive Functions Scale and the role of these cognitive skills in the university environment.
      25
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    Fundamental concepts in the neuropsychological theory [Conceptos fundamentales en la teoría neuropsicológica]
    (2017) ;
    Ramos V.
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    Lepe-Martínez N.
    ;
    Paredes-Núñez L.
    This article presents three concepts that are fundamental in the neuropsychological theoretical: (a) historical data in the study of the human brain, (b) neuropsychological evaluation of brain functions and (c) neuropsychological rehabilitation of brain functions. As relevant data in the theoretical development of the study of the human brain is a tour of the trepanation acts performed hundreds of years ago, the contributions of phrenology, the masterful findings of Broca and Wernicke, the heuristic contribution of Luria and the current revolution with the neuro-image. In the neuropsychological evaluation of brain functions, the role of specific, non-specific and delayed observation tests in the interpretation of the neuropsychological state of the human being is analyzed, which allow analyzing neuropsychological functions in the laboratory and in real lifeactivities. Finally, we analyze the process of neuropsychological rehabilitation of brain functions, where mention is made of the processes of restoration, compensation, substitution, activation-stimulation and integration, which are very useful when intervening in a brain that has suffered an acquired damage. It is concluded that the current accelerated pace has determined the advance of neuroscience, where technology and the forceful scientific contribution propose new techniques and theories to understand the processes of evaluation and rehabilitation of brain functioning.
      30
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    University Students’ Rejection to Learning Statistics: Research from a Latin American Standpoint
    Introduction: Negative beliefs, fear, avoidance behaviors, and superficial attitudes surrounding the learning of statistics create significant problems for university students in Latin America. Objective: To analyze the impact of fearful behavior, superficial work, and avoidance displayed by university students when it comes to statistics. Method: In this article, we give details about a quantitative research project carried out by two independent studies. The first (N = 310) focused on the development of a scale to assess negative beliefs, fears, and avoidance behaviors towards statistics, in which goodness of fit was determined in a 3-factor model. In the second study (N = 250), it was hypothesized that undergraduates perform superficially due to negative beliefs and avoidance behaviors when learning statistics. Findings: The proposed model explained 42% of the variance. In addition, in the analysis of the proposed mediation model, an adequate adjustment was found. In the discussion of this research project, the need to intervene in the negative beliefs, fears, and avoidance behaviors displayed by university students towards statistics is highlighted. Novelty: This research project explains why college students dislike or avoid learning statistics in depth. The findings will allow for a modification in the way statistics is taught so that Latin American professionals achieve better performance in this field. © 2023 by the authors. Licensee ESJ, Italy.
      15
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    Technological Resources for the Treatment of ADHD: A Systematic Review
    Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a psychological pathology that affects children, young people and adults with impulsivity, distractibility, excessive motor activity and difficulties in impulse control. Previous research affirms that about 5% of the population presents this disorder and that its problems generate a negative influence in the family, social, personal, work, and educational environments. The treatment of ADHD is characterized by the application of classic methods of pencil and paper; however, for the current generation it is not a process that is the most attractive. In this context, technological proposals emerge that allow making ADHD treatment a more attractive process for children and young people of today's generation. In this article, a systematic review is made of the various technological proposals created for the treatment of this syndrome. With this work, the clinician specialized in ADHD can count on current tools to incorporate them in his daily work
      21
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    Creation of a Children’s Application to Prevent Cyberbullying
    Cyberbullying is the intentional and continuous abuse or aggression through the use of technological devices and the Internet. In cyberbullying, there is a dynamic of violence between an aggressor and a victim. This type of practice is very common nowadays, since human activity on the Internet is very important, for example, through the use of social networks, learning on virtual platforms, interaction in videoconferences, online video games, etc. The great problem of cyberbullying lies in the high damage, and it generates in the mental health of the victim, which in many cases can lead to suicide. With this background, this article presents the conceptual design of an application for children that seeks to prevent cyberbullying in the context of children. This smartphone application aims to help children to become aware of their behavior and impact within the virtual spaces in which they coexist. This work seeks to reduce the problem of cyberbullying in the school context. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
      25
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    Mobile app for psycho-statistics learning
    The requirements to complete the curricula for psychology students has a nodal point which has not yet been solved, it is the acquirement of statistical analyses competences. In this sense, the present work represents the creative development of a mobile application for teaching statistics to Psychology students and professionals. Taking into account this problem and based on the technological use that a mobile cellphone has, our proposal as technological innovation is to create series of mobile applications, for Android and IOS, addressing students and professionals in this science that would like to conduct statistical analyses with high quality competences. In this first mobile application proposed, descriptive statistics will be taught, and it will have various stages with sub-components to interact with the user of the app. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.
    Scopus© Citations 1  23