Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Artes

Parent Organisation

Universidad Indoamérica

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Data-Driven Profiling of Reading Processes in Secondary Students: Learning Analytics Insights From PROLEC Assessment
(Springer Nature Switzerland, 2026)
Espinosa Pinos, Carlos Alberto
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Núñez Torres, María Giovanna
The integration of Learning Analytics (LA) into traditional psychometric assessments offers a transformative path for personalizing secondary education. This study proposes a “psychometric-first” analytical pipeline that converts item-level responses from the PROLEC-SE-R battery into actionable learner models for Interactive Learning Ecosystems (ILE). Using data from 256 Ecuadorian secondary students, we applied Categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA) to address the ordinal nature of the psychometric data, identifying four latent dimensions of reading: lexical, syntactic, semantic, and integration processes. Subsequently, a k-means clustering algorithm identified three distinct cognitive profiles: At-Risk (12.0%), Average (56.8%), and High-Performance (31.2%). The internal validity of these clusters was confirmed through a Davies-Bouldin index of 1.206 and stability analysis via Jaccard bootstrapping. To bridge the gap between psychometric profiling and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), we developed a rule-based mapping for UI/UX adaptations, where profiles trigger differentiated scaffolding—such as intensive audio-support for at-risk students and complex inferential challenges for high-performers. Results demonstrate that this scalable approach provides a theoretically grounded alternative to hardware-dependent analytics (e.g., eye-tracking) in low-resource contexts. This study contributes to the field of educational data mining by operationalizing latent cognitive features into dynamic instructional interventions, fostering more inclusive and adaptive digital learning environments. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.
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Co-Creating Children’s Footwear
(Common Ground Research Networks, 2026-05-14)
Camacho Navas, Andres
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Escobar Guanoluisa, Taña Elizabeth
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Santamaría Aguirre, Jorge
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Guerrero, Diana
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Paucar Samaniego, Mayra Alejandra
This study addresses the need to align the design and production of children’s footwear with the real expectations of its target users—children aged 8 to 12 and their parents. The primary objective was to develop a user-centered design management model grounded in co-creation and design thinking. A mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating qualitative tools (expert interviews, podcast engagement, and user habit surveys), complemented by a thorough documentary analysis of ISO 9001:2015 and related guidelines. Findings reveal that ergonomic comfort, durability, appealing design, and affordability are key criteria for consumer satisfaction. Moreover, the research underscores the importance of systematically incorporating the user’s voice during early design and validation phases. Interdisciplinary collaboration and user-centered design methodologies emerged as critical for enhancing development processes, customer loyalty, and product competitiveness. This research presents a structured framework that integrates active user engagement, innovation, and quality assurance, offering a robust pathway to meet and exceed the expectations of the children’s footwear market. © 2026, Common Ground Research Networks. All rights reserved.
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The illusion of flexibility and the limits of teacher autonomy in the Ecuadorian curriculum
(Frontiers Media SA, 2026-05-21)
Núñez Torres, María Giovanna
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Buele, Jorge
Introduction Curriculum reforms in Latin America emphasize flexibility, contextualization, and teacher autonomy. In Ecuador, the 2016 curriculum operationalizes these through Skills with Performance Criteria (PC). Methods An analytical–interpretive approach was applied, examining the national curriculum alongside literature on educational governance and critical pedagogy. Results The PC-based structure, with its criteria and indicators, organizes planning, evaluation, and documentation around predefined outcomes. While this promotes coherence, it fragments practice into discrete units. Contextualization occurs in teaching, but validation relies on standardized references, creating tension between adaptation and assessment. Teacher work is structured by planning and verification processes. Discussion Interpreted as controlled freedom, autonomy is recognized but bounded, and flexibility emerges as a practice shaped by technical constraints.
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Designing the UI/UX of a Gamified Platform to Raise Awareness About Water Conservation Using the User-Centered Design Method
(Springer Nature Switzerland, 2026)
Jadán Guerrero, Janio
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Arias Flores, Hugo Patricio
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Piedra Ansatuña, Mario
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Sanchez-Gordon, Sandra
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Acosta-Vargas, Patricia
Water conservation and responsible usage are critical to ensuring the sustainability of life on Earth. Raising awareness about these practices is essential to fostering behavioral changes in everyday life. This study aimed to design a gamified environment, integrating both digital and physical mediums, to promote awareness of water conservation. The proposed solutions included digital games, board games, interactive maps, and card games, blending entertainment with education. The research employed the Game Thinking methodology, involving ten master’s students specializing in user experience design. The process adhered to the principles of user-centered design across all phases. Initially, the problem of water scarcity was explained to participants, who subsequently proposed design concepts tailored to this issue. These concepts were developed into prototypes and tested with users representative of the intended age groups. Preliminary results from the first usability tests revealed areas for improvement. Feedback from peer reviews highlighted the need to enhance narrative elements, interface design, usability, and accessibility. Iterative refinements based on this feedback significantly improved the prototypes’ alignment with the project’s educational objectives. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the potential of gamification as a powerful tool for promoting water conservation awareness. Future work will focus on completing functional prototypes and evaluating their impact in real-world settings to measure their effectiveness in instilling responsible water usage behaviors
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ICT and Augmented Reality in Baños de Agua Santa-Ecuador, Tourist Attractions Generation
(2024)
Oleas-Orozco, José
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Jara Garzón, Patricia
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Castillo F.
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Amaluisa P.
Tourism in Ecuadorian context contributes to 2% GDP’s country, it has great potential for growth and exploitation thanks to geographical, natural, cultural, heritage and social factors, among others. These resources are very attractive for internal and external tourism. Baños de Agua Santa, is one of main destinations for local tourists and visitors. Its geographical location, climate and volcanic, mountainous and fluvial landforms have made the place a great interest tourist center. The natural attractions have given way to inhabitant’s initiative for man-made tourist attractions creation, a category part of World Tourism Organization UNWTO classification”. In this way, “Dinosaurs Park” analysis is presented, a theme park, man-made tourist place, which is mainly supported on ICT use, multimedia, offline web APPs and augmented reality AR, for playful learning experiences generation about prehistoric species not native from the area. The AR Through a mixed, quantitative and qualitative approach, information has been obtained on theme park visitors use and satisfaction showing over 90% of positive ratings. The AR applied in theme park, through mobile devices, shows information about prehistoric species, generating entertainment family experiences and significant knowledge in visitors. The results highlight the place's positive economic benefits since the post-pandemic economic reactivation. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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Tiktok as a Learning Tool for Elementary School Students
(2023)
Amaluisa Rendón, Paulina Magally
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Espinosa-Pinos C.A.
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Núñez-Torres M.G.
The large number of users of the social network Tiktok worldwide and the studies that demonstrate the advantages of its use in relation to its educational capacity encourage us to seek new ways of teaching. The present study was conducted at the Indoamerica Educational University in the city of Ambato-Ecuador during the 2021–2022 school year, comparing the motivation of students of General Basic Education: specifically, Basic Middle (Sublevel 3): fifth, sixth and seventh grade corresponding to boys and girls of 9, 10 and 11 years old respectively, and the use of Tiktok as a learning tool demonstrated in their academic performance. Group A has used Tiktok as a tool for the development of academic activities, while group B has not used it. A quantitative methodology was used with a descriptive-inferential procedure and a qualitative analysis through interviews with educators. A pre-test and a post-test were carried out to demonstrate the children's motivation at the end of the school year. It is confirmed that the children who used Tiktok as a learning tool consider themselves more motivated and show a greater dedication to the proposed subject matter than children who do not use it, which is evidenced in their academic record. On the other hand, the teachers interviewed expressed heterogeneous opinions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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University Extension in Architecture: Strategies adopted by COVID-19
(2022)
Cabrera Gómez, Juan Daniel
Latin-American universities have reacted during pandemic times by implementing strategies not only virtual (Bedoya-Dorado, Murillo-Vargas, y González-Campo, 2021), the actions adopted over the road have allowed that the programme of extension continues being performed in other ways and to consider as not a requirement the permanent presential link with the community. The goal of the research is to analyze the strategies developed in community projects of University Extension in Architecture developed in seven Latin-American countries. The inquiry presents a methodology with combined strategies (Groat y Wang, 2013) that includes a literature review of primary and secondary sources, cases of study and interviews. This papers contains cuali-cuantitative data related to modes of working, alternatives of virtual communication in social media and elaborated knowledge of seven community projects selected from online activities developed by Architectural Latin-American universities in Costa Rica, México, Colombia, Ecuador, Chile y Argentina. The study found that the compilation of projects done last year and few years ago are the most used modes of working, also, digital material, Facebook pages and YouTube channels are the alternatives for virtual communication and finally, that digital publications and videos are the elaboration (Cano e Ingold, 2020), production (Salvatierra, 2003), (Cohen, 2014), (Martínez y García, 2019) and construction (Bolaños y Aguilera cited by Martínez y García, 2019) of knowledge. © 2022 The authors.
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Improving PV Power Prediction Based on GRU and Meteorological Factors
(2026)
Cumbajín Alferez, Myriam
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Ruxandra Stoean
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José Aguado
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Gonzalo Joya
The gradual integration of renewable solar energy sources represents a major step toward sustainability, which is why the main objective of this study is to design an optimized GRU architecture for hourly prediction of photovoltaic generation, considering both single-step and multi-step forecasting. A recurrent neural network with a four-layer GRU structure was implemented, selected after a comparative validation process in which different depths were evaluated. This configuration balanced accuracy, stability, and generalization capacity, improving the model’s ability to capture complex relationships between the endogenous variable (photovoltaic generation) and a set of eight exogenous meteorological variables. This architecture proved robust to different sets of predictors, maintaining consistent performance under different input configurations. The result is a reliable prediction and forecast error for a power generation system with meteorological factors typical of Ibarra, Ecuador. Among the evaluation metrics used, the mean square error decreased by 19.61% and 23.69% for single-step prediction and multi-step forecasting, respectively. Therefore, the GRU model has managed to reduce the error by a moderate percentage, with a significant difference, supported by the evaluation metrics and the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test, it was possible to reduce the error obtaining a p-value less than 0.05, which represents that the data groups without meteorological factors and the data groups with meteorological factors are statistically different and therefore the error reduction is significant. Through this, it is demonstrated that including eight exogenous attributes reduces prediction and forecasting errors
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Comparative Study in the Comuna Santa Clara de San Millán, Quito - Pedernales Earthquake April 2016
(2023)
Ponce, Jorge
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Fernandez I.
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Bernal F.
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Labrada Y.
The Comuna Santa Clara de San Millán is located in the city of Quito, which is a high seismic risk area. On April 16, 2016 an earthquake in Pedernales, Ecuador caused 683 fatalities and substantial material damage [1]. The purpose of the study was to compare the elements of seismic vulnerability manifested in the Comuna Santa Clara de San Millan with those recorded in the Pedernales earthquake. To achieve this, the work evaluates the seismic vulnerability of Comuna Santa Clara de San Millán using qualitative methods, identifies factors in common with the Pedernales earthquake and contrasts the results obtained. The analysis of the data allowed finding typical elements in both sites, such as the construction typology of reinforced concrete frame with unreinforced walls, irregularity in elevation, flat slab with flat beams, and flexible first floor or weak story; it was also identified that 91.7% of the houses reviewed are evaluated as highly vulnerable. The conclusions show the similarity of the structural problems in both places, so similar results could be expected in the event of an earthquake with similar characteristics to the one in Pedernales. This shows the need to continue the seismic vulnerability studies, now using quantitative methods, and to carry out structural reinforcement work in the buildings that require it in the Santa Clara de San Millán Commune. © 2023 IEEE.
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Software for Horns, Reflectors and Antennas in RF Circuits
(2024)
Jorge Unapucha
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Ruales, María Belén
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Carlos Gordón
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Cumbajín Alferez, Myriam
The software developed in Python, fulfills the main objective of facilitating the calculation, graph, design and analysis of horns, reflectors and antennas. Through an intuitive and dynamic graphical interface, with text boxes, users can enter calculation parameters, among which can be the operating frequency, physical dimensions and electrical characteristics, this depending on the type of element that is or will be manipulated within the software, this to configure and observe the different values of the metrics of the different elements of the circuit. The program has numerical modeling and simulation algorithms that allow the analysis of the behavior of horns, reflectors and antennas in the radio frequency domain. Among the aspects evaluated are the radiation, gain, directivity, efficiency and bandwidth of the devices
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