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    Inclusive education and psychological wellbeing: Support strategies for students in diverse settings
    This study examines the relationship between inclusive education and psychological wellbeing, emphasizing pedagogical and institutional strategies that promote students’ active participation in diverse educational contexts. The purpose of the research is to analyze the main barriers affecting inclusion and emotional wellbeing in school settings and to identify support strategies with the greatest perceived impact on students’ engagement and retention. A qualitative, hermeneutic-interpretative approach was adopted, based on a documentary review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025. Peer-reviewed articles, policy documents, and institutional reports were selected from recognized databases such as Scopus, SciELO, ERIC, and IEEE Xplore. The analysis focused on inclusive education, psychological wellbeing, teacher training, socioemotional strategies, and educational policy. The results reveal that the most significant barriers to inclusive education are insufficient teacher training in inclusive and socioemotional practices (reported in 85% of the reviewed studies), the disconnect between pedagogical strategies and students’ psychological needs (78%), and the lack of adaptive educational resources (72%). Additionally, limited emotional support systems and weak institutional policies oriented toward wellbeing contribute to higher levels of demotivation and school dropout, particularly in vulnerable regions. Conversely, strategies such as Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) showed the highest perceived impact, with effectiveness scores of 4.6 and 4.4 out of 5, respectively. The study concludes that inclusive education cannot be achieved without systematically addressing students’ psychological wellbeing. Integrating socioemotional education, strengthening teacher training, and aligning public policies with inclusive and human-centered approaches are essential to fostering equitable, safe, and meaningful learning environments. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive educational models that connect pedagogical, emotional, and institutional dimensions.</jats:p>
      4
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    Motivation Predicting Satisfaction and Loyalty in Sustainable Coastal Destinations
    (2026)
    Mauricio Carvache-Franco
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    Lidija Bagarić
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    Orly Carvache-Franco
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    ;
    Wilmer Carvache-Franco
    Sustainable coastal destinations offer a variety of natural and cultural activities that form a construct of motivations that influence tourist behavior regarding their willingness to return to and recommend the destination. In this sense, the present study aimed to achieve the following objectives: to identify the motivations that drive tourist demand in sustainable coastal destinations, to establish which motivations predict tourist satisfaction in coastal destinations, and to determine which motivations predict tourist loyalty in coastal destinations. There are behavioral variables to consider, such as the intention to return, willingness to recommend the destination, and propensity to speak positively about it. The study was carried out in Montañita (Ecuador), a major surfing city in Latin America with extensive potential for water sports. A total of 380 valid surveys were collected on-site for quantitative analysis. Multiple regression and exploratory factor analysis were among the methods used. The final results showed five motivational dimensions linked to tourism in coastal areas, including nature and culture, sun and sea, recreational and sporting activities, novelty, and social interaction. Among all these factors, social interactivity and novelty stood out as the elements that had the greatest impact on visitor loyalty and satisfaction, followed by the sun and beach component. The findings will serve as input for destination managers to develop sustainable management guidelines and are also a contribution to academic literature.
      3
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    Autoimmune Complications in Long COVID in a Patient with Hepatitis C
    A significant percentage of patients, according to recent studies, report persistent clinical manifestations of COVID-19 beyond the acute phase. These symptoms extend between four and twelve weeks from the initial clinical presentation. This clinical study details the case of a 50-year-old female patient with a history of hepatitis C who developed COVID-19 and subsequently experienced a series of symptoms indicative of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome (Long COVID). The presented symptoms included fever, general malaise, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, sore throat, dry cough, severe headache, mucosal dryness, skin fold, muscle weakness in the lower limbs, conjunctival injection, and sudden visual loss in the left eye. She showed initial improvement and was discharged from the hospital; however, she developed fever, ageusia, dyspnea, positional tachycardia, palpitations, and retrosternal pain. Subsequent examinations revealed pericarditis and subacuteinflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, demonstrating the diverse and prolonged clinical course associated with Long COVID. Treatment with colchicine and NSAIDs resulted in clinical improvement, highlighting the challenges in managing and potential therapeutic approaches for patients with persistent COVID-19 symptoms. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.
      17
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    Analysis of Urban Transport User Satisfaction in Ambato: Segmented Results from a Target Population
    (2025) ;
    William Avila-Armijos
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    ; ;
    Fernando Vladimir Junta
    Urban public transportation plays a crucial role in the daily mobility of citizens, especially in medium-sized cities like Ambato, Ecuador. This study aims to evaluate user satisfaction levels with different urban transport cooperatives through a data-driven approach. A total of 123 responses were collected via a digitally distributed survey using QR codes, with a methodological focus on individuals aged 20 to 40 due to their higher digital literacy. The questionnaire included dimensions such as comfort and safety, risk perception, and punctuality. The analysis, conducted through Power BI, revealed differentiated levels of satisfaction across service dimensions. Comfort and safety received a mean rating of 41.5%, while risk perception reached 53.8%. Punctuality, evaluated through a single item, showed a favorable perception from 66.7% of users. These findings indicate specific areas of concern, such as perceptions of security and cleanliness, which require attention from transport providers and local authorities. The results provide a scalable model for user satisfaction assessment that can be replicated in other urban contexts. Moreover, the integration of business intelligence tools facilitates evidencebased decision-making and supports future initiatives to enhance urban mobility systems in Ecuador and Latin America. © 2025 IEEE.
      13
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    Artificial Intelligence and Gastronomic Tourism: A New Frontier for Culinary Experiences
    Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a key driver of innovation in the gastronomic tourism industry, significantly transforming traveler experiences and optimizing business operations. In customer service, AIpowered tools such as chatbots, virtual assistants, and intelligent video call systems-fueled by Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning-offer fast, accurate, and tailored responses that enhance user satisfaction and reduce wait times. From a security and risk management perspective, AI enhances surveillance systems at gastronomic destinations by analyzing real-time data from sensors and cameras. This capability supports early threat detection, the identification of suspicious behaviors, and the implementation of preventive measures, ensuring safer environments for tourists. Moreover, AI enables hyperpersonalized travel experiences through the analysis of large datasets. Predictive analytics and advanced market segmentation allow businesses to provide highly targeted culinary recommendations based on travelers' preferences and behavioral patterns. This strengthens customer loyalty and competitive differentiation. AI not only streamlines operational efficiency within gastronomic tourism but also elevates the quality, personalization, and safety of the services provided. As its adoption continues to grow, AI represents a strategic opportunity to enhance sustainability and innovation in the sector, positioning itself as a cornerstone of modern tourism development. © 2025 IEEE.
      15
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    Image, Loyalty and Management in natural destinations
    (2025)
    Mauricio Carvache-Franco
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    Wilmer Carvache-Franco
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    Orly Carvache-Franco
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    Jessica Lavayen-Tamayo
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    This study aimed to: identify the attribute factors related to the image of a marine protected area and determine which of these factors explain tourist satisfaction and behavioral loyalty. The study was conducted in the Galápagos Islands, a marine protected area in Ecuador, South America. A total of 407 tourist questionnaires were collected on-site, including both domestic and international visitors, and factor analysis techniques along with multiple linear regressions were applied. The findings reveal four factors in the image attributes of marine protected areas: Staff Attention, Tourist Facilities, Nature, and Cultural Activities. Among the factors that explain satisfaction with the tourist destination, as well as the intention to recommend it and speak positively about it, Nature and Staff Attention at the destination were identified. Meanwhile, the Cultural Activities factor best explains the intentions to revisit the destination. These results can be useful for marine protected area managers in developing sustainable management plans. © LEIRD 2025.All rights reserved.
      5
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    Digital Transformation in the Textile Sector: ERP, Finance, and E-Commerce
    (2025) ;
    Tania Morales-Molina
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    Elio Cables-Fernández
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    Kimberly Alcivar-Loor
    Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in emerging economies are adopting enterprise software to improve performance, yet rigorous evidence in Ecuador's textile sector remains scarce. Here we address the gap by examining whether the combined use of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), digital financial analytics, and E-Commerce is associated with superior firm outcomes. We aim to quantify performance changes and to explain organizational enablers and barriers. We use a concurrent mixed-methods design: a survey of n = 152 textile firms and 12 executive interviews; measurement diagnostics and regression models complement thematic analysis. We find that ERP and digital financial analytics adoption are positively associated with operating margin and inventory turnover; pre/post comparisons suggest higher ROI and lower operating costs in adopters. E-Commerce adoption is associated with higher sales and customer satisfaction, while under-investment in training and cybersecurity persists. We contribute empirical evidence from a Latin American manufacturing context, practical guidance on sequencing investments, and policy-relevant insights for SME digitalization. © 2025 IEEE.
      12
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    Technology-Mediated Collaborative Strategies Among Online University Students
    This quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of collaborative teaching strategies mediated by digital technologies among online university students. The research was conducted with a sample of 256 participants, divided into an experimental group and a control group. While both groups used technological resources, only the experimental group engaged in structured collaborative strategies using tools such as Genially, Kahoot, Canva, Padlet, and Wordwall, within the framework of the Cátedra Integradora course. The results revealed a significant improvement in the academic performance of the experimental group, with an average increase of 27.4%, compared to 13.2% in the control group. Furthermore, the teacher's perception highlighted higher levels of student engagement, motivation, and collaboration among those who actively participated in the strategies. These findings demonstrate that the intentional use of educational technologies with a collaborative focus fosters active, participatory, and meaningful learning, while also strengthening socio-emotional skills and improving academic achievement in virtual higher education settings. © 2025 IEEE.
      23
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    Social Capital and Economic Growth: An Analysis in South America
    (2025) ;
    Ximena Morales-Urrutia
    Background Social capital has emerged as a key variable in explaining regional economic disparities, yet its multidimensional nature complicates measurement and policy design. In the South American context, characterized by institutional fragility and inequality, the impact of social capital on economic growth remains empirically ambiguous. Methods This study employs a quantitative methodology using panel data from 2007 to 2023 across nine South American countries. Data is sourced from the Legatum Prosperity Index, focusing on five elements of social capital: family relationships, social networks, interpersonal trust, social tolerance, and civic participation. Econometric analysis is conducted using instrumental variables and two-stage least squares models to address endogeneity. Results The econometric findings reveal heterogeneous effects among dimensions of social capital. Civic participation and family relationships exhibit a significant positive association with economic growth, while social tolerance and interpersonal trust show negative or inconsistent impacts. Notably, social networks instrumentalized in the model have a negative and significant relationship with growth, suggesting potential inefficiencies in their current form. The presence of endogeneity and multicollinearity among variables highlights the complexity of causality in this domain. Conclusions Social capital plays a critical, yet context-dependent, role in fostering economic development in South America. While some dimensions such as civic engagement promote inclusive growth, others may reinforce exclusion or inefficiencies depending on institutional quality and social structure. Policymakers should therefore target specific aspects of social capital, promoting civic participation and inclusive networks while addressing institutional weaknesses. Future research should explore longitudinal dynamics and the interaction of social capital with digitalization and labor market transformation.
      11
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    Item type:Publication,
    Social Capital and Economic Growth: An Analysis in South America
    (2025) ;
    Ximena Morales-Urrutia
    Social capital has emerged as a key variable in explaining regional economic disparities, yet its multidimensional nature complicates measurement and policy design. In the South American context, characterized by institutional fragility and inequality, the impact of social capital on economic growth remains empirically ambiguous. Methods This study employs a quantitative methodology using panel data from 2007 to 2023 across nine South American countries. Data is sourced from the Legatum Prosperity Index, focusing on five elements of social capital: family relationships, social networks, interpersonal trust, social tolerance, and civic participation. Econometric analysis is conducted using instrumental variables and two-stage least squares models to address endogeneity. Results The econometric findings reveal heterogeneous effects among dimensions of social capital. Civic participation and family relationships exhibit a significant positive association with economic growth, while social tolerance and interpersonal trust show negative or inconsistent impacts. Notably, social networks instrumentalized in the model have a negative and significant relationship with growth, suggesting potential inefficiencies in their current form. The presence of endogeneity and multicollinearity among variables highlights the complexity of causality in this domain. Conclusions Social capital plays a critical, yet context-dependent, role in fostering economic development in South America. While some dimensions such as civic engagement promote inclusive growth, others may reinforce exclusion or inefficiencies depending on institutional quality and social structure. Policymakers should therefore target specific aspects of social capital, promoting civic participation and inclusive networks while addressing institutional weaknesses. Future research should explore longitudinal dynamics and the interaction of social capital with digitalization and labor market transformation.