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Item type:Publication, Advances in end-user water conservation technologies: a scoping review(Frontiers Media SA, 2026-04-15) ;Fernández-Vizcarra, Luis ;Chambilla-Zuñiga, Josué ;Gutiérrez-Aguilar, OlgerIntroduction Water scarcity, intensified by climate change, urbanization, and increasing demand, requires sustainable strategies aimed at reducing consumption among end users. In this context, this article develops a scoping review to examine what types of sustainable technologies aimed at water conservation among end users have been investigated, how they are evaluated, and what types of evidence are reported regarding their effectiveness. Methods Studies published between 2020 and 2025 were retrieved from the Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, Wiley Online Library, and EBSCO Engineering Source databases following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The review integrates a bibliometric analysis of the field and a synthesis of 14 selected empirical studies addressing domestic efficiency technologies, adoption dynamics, digital monitoring systems, and resource management approaches. Results The evidence shows high methodological diversity and limited standardization of effective metrics, as only a small proportion of studies explicitly report quantified or directly measured water savings. Nevertheless, consistent patterns emerge depending on the type of intervention. Circular water management and decentralized reuse strategies report the highest potential impacts, with potable water savings ≥30% through greywater treatment and reductions of up to 80% in integrated urban scenarios. Rainwater harvesting and green infrastructure report runoff reductions between 58.3 and 94.1%, generating indirect benefits for urban water management. In contrast, informational and behavioral interventions tend to produce moderate but consistent reductions in consumption. Digital technologies based on IoT, smart metering, and advanced analytics demonstrate strong technical performance in monitoring and leak detection, although they rarely quantify post-implementation water savings. Conclusion The findings suggest that effective water conservation among end users depends on approaches that combine technological solutions, user engagement, and standardized evaluation frameworks capable of linking technological performance with verifiable reductions in water consumption. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Rethinking criminal profiling through cognitive artificial intelligenceIntroduction Traditional criminal investigation often struggles to integrate dispersed and heterogeneous information, delaying the identification of serial or escalating patterns. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and cognitive computing offer data-driven approaches for cross-source correlation and temporal anomaly detection. Methods A focused narrative review of peer-reviewed literature on AI applications in forensic analysis, pattern detection, and investigative support was conducted using major multidisciplinary databases. Selected studies were synthesized into two analytical dimensions: evidence correlation and anomaly detection, and further examined through a retrospective case-based illustration. Results AI-based approaches support the linkage of low-level traces with higher-level events, enabling structured reconstruction and large-scale pattern identification. Machine learning models integrate heterogeneous data into operational representations, achieving high predictive performance under controlled conditions, often reported above 90% accuracy. Statistical and learning-based methods also detect temporal compression, behavioral drift, and cross-source anomalies, revealing patterns that may remain fragmented under manual analysis. Retrospective examination of historically fragmented cases highlights longitudinal regularities, including shrinking inter-event intervals, increasing severity, and the accumulation of weak signals that become meaningful when analyzed jointly. Discussion AI contributes primarily at a methodological level by enabling continuous integration and re-evaluation of investigative signals, supporting more data-informed and longitudinally grounded profiling practices. However, a gap persists between high performance in controlled settings and limited validation in real-world contexts. Future research should prioritize empirical benchmarking using operational datasets, the development of explainable and auditable systems, and governance frameworks ensuring transparent, accountable, and human-supervised deployment. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, From simulation to reality: a learning methodology for understanding control systems and robotic arms with the ARCHIE robot(Frontiers Media SA, 2026-04-10) ;Saeteros, Juan ;Mendoza, Erick ;Ramirez, Jefferson ;Fajardo-Pruna, MarceloBridging the gap between theoretical concepts and real-world implementation remains a critical challenge in the teaching of control systems and robotics. This paper presents an education method using ARCHIE, a low-cost, open-source articulated robot with six degrees of freedom, as an educational platform designed to enhance students’ understanding of control theory through practical learning. The study combines simulation (using MATLAB’s Simscape) with hands-on practice using the physical robot, following a Sim2Real methodology. A two-hour workshop was conducted with undergraduate mechatronics engineering students, incorporating pre- and post-assessments to evaluate learning gains. Preliminary results suggest a statistically significant improvement in students’ understanding of PID control concepts, with average test scores rising from 46.6% to 63.3% (p = 0.0454, two-tailed). The study also highlights the benefits of active learning, allowing students to experience real-world control system behavior and reflect on discrepancies between simulations and physical implementation. ARCHIE proves to be a valuable educational tool for fostering deeper comprehension of control systems in engineering curricula. © 2026 Saeteros, Mendoza, Ramirez, Fajardo-Pruna, Buele, Yumbla and Saldarriaga. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The educational mismatch between the 1998 and 2008 constitutions and the curricular reform in EcuadorIntroduction The constitutional reforms adopted in Ecuador between 1998 and 2008 transformed the legal status of education, redefining it as a fundamental human right and strengthening the role of the State in educational governance. In this context, education acquired a central role within national development strategies. Methods This study employed a qualitative design based on documentary analysis of constitutional texts, educational laws, curricular reforms, and policy documents. The analysis focused on the right to education, educational governance, and the relationship between curricular reform and national development. Results The findings show that the 2008 constitutional reform expanded the scope of the right to education and reinforced the role of the State in regulating the system. At the curricular level, the Unified General Baccalaureate introduced a common curriculum aimed at strengthening competencies and system coherence. However, tensions are identified between the inclusive and intercultural constitutional approach and policy instruments that prioritize standardization, performance assessment, and alignment with the labor market. Discussion The study identifies an educational mismatch between constitutional principles, curricular organization, and implementation conditions. This mismatch reflects the coexistence of a humanistic, rights-based approach with governance mechanisms oriented toward measurable outcomes, which limits articulation between educational levels and attention to territorial diversity. The findings highlight the need for greater systemic coherence and provide an analytical framework to examine similar tensions in Latin America. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The illusion of flexibility and the limits of teacher autonomy in the Ecuadorian curriculumIntroduction Curriculum reforms in Latin America emphasize flexibility, contextualization, and teacher autonomy. In Ecuador, the 2016 curriculum operationalizes these through Skills with Performance Criteria (PC). Methods An analytical–interpretive approach was applied, examining the national curriculum alongside literature on educational governance and critical pedagogy. Results The PC-based structure, with its criteria and indicators, organizes planning, evaluation, and documentation around predefined outcomes. While this promotes coherence, it fragments practice into discrete units. Contextualization occurs in teaching, but validation relies on standardized references, creating tension between adaptation and assessment. Teacher work is structured by planning and verification processes. Discussion Interpreted as controlled freedom, autonomy is recognized but bounded, and flexibility emerges as a practice shaped by technical constraints. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Influence of continuous navigation modes on the immersive experience in a virtual supermarket(2026); ; ;Marco SalazarGuillermo Palacios-NavarroIntroduction: Virtual reality has established itself as an effective tool for analyzing user experience and simulating everyday activities. However, there are still many questions remaining, such as how the type of movement in immersive environments influences this experience. The present study evaluated these variables in a virtual supermarket developed for Oculus Quest 2, with the aim of comparing the perceptual and cognitive experience under two navigation modalities: locomotion and joystick. Methods: Twenty-two young adults (18–32 years old) participated in both groups. Usability (SUS), presence (PQ), everyday memory (PRMQ), and cybersickness (CSQ-VR) questionnaires were administered, all with moderate and high reliability (α = 0.685–0.912). Results: The results showed high levels of usability in both conditions (SUS ≥79), with no statistically significant differences between navigation modes (p = 0.521). Natural presence was significantly higher in locomotion mode (6.17 vs. 5.47); however, this result should be interpreted with caution, as it was derived from exploratory subscale-level analyses (p = 0.038). Cybersickness symptoms remained low (p > 0.05). A very strong positive correlation was also observed between usability and presence in the joystick group (ρ = 0.902; p < 0.001), indicating that interaction fluidity enhances immersion. Discussion: Both modes were ergonomic and safe, although with distinct profiles: physical locomotion increased perceptual naturalness, while the joystick reinforced the relationship between ease of use and immersion. These findings provide empirical evidence on how movement modulates the immersive experience and propose an experimental model, with implications for the design of virtual environments applicable to different populations in the future. Copyright © 2026 Avilés-Castillo, Buele, Salazar and Palacios-Navarro.1 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Design and validation of the aggression tendency evaluation questionnaire (CETA-18)(2026); ; ;Luis Carlos JaumeAggressive behavior remains a critical concern in contemporary society, with individuals frequently exhibiting disproportionate responses to frustration or perceived provocation. Given the social and psychological consequences of such behavior, the present study aimed to develop and validate the Aggression Tendency Evaluation Questionnaire, a brief self-report scale designed to assess individual predisposition to aggression. The instrument was applied to a sample of 740 adults (365 men, 375 women) aged 18 to 70, residing in Quito, Ecuador. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design was employed, and data were analyzed using Cronbach’s alpha, the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure, Bartlett’s test of sphericity, exploratory factor analysis, and Spearman’s correlation. The questionnaire demonstrated high internal consistency (α = 0.904) and a clear three-factor structure, identifying verbal-expressive aggression, social/indirect aggression, and physical-reactive aggression as distinct dimensions. Correlational analyses revealed weak but significant inverse associations between aggression tendency and variables such as age, employment status, and religious practice, suggesting these factors may serve as protective elements. Other variables, including gender, educational level, and relationship status, showed no significant associations. These results support the questionnaire as a valid and reliable tool for assessing aggression tendency in adult populations. Its psychometric robustness and ease of application make it a practical instrument for use in both research and applied psychological contexts. Further studies are recommended to confirm its factorial structure and explore its cross-cultural applicability.17 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Burnout syndrome in Ecuadorian health workers: Differences according to sociodemographic and labor factors(2026); Burnout Syndrome represents a growing occupational health concern among healthcare professionals worldwide, recognized by organizations such as the WHO and ILO due to its profound impact on worker well-being, organizational functioning, and service quality. In Ecuador, there is a lack of empirical studies that systematically address the pressing issue of burnout among health personnel, despite their daily experiences with increasing demands, emotional burdens, long working hours, and job instability. This research aims to investigate Burnout Syndrome as a significant psychosocial risk affecting Ecuadorian health professionals. It will focus on three core dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. Additionally, the study seeks to identify prevalence patterns, associated factors, and the broader implications for occupational health. A quantitative, cross-sectional, and non-experimental design with descriptive-correlational scope was adopted. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was administered to a sample of 100 health professionals carefully selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings indicate a high prevalence of Burnout Syndrome, with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization being the most severely affected dimensions. Significant associations were found between burnout levels and psychosocial variables such as job stability, work overload, interpersonal conflict, and organizational support. Specifically, professionals with unstable employment conditions, frequent interpersonal conflicts, or excessive workload reported considerably higher burnout scores. The results underscore the urgent need for comprehensive public health strategies in Ecuador that address the psychosocial risks inherent in healthcare work. Promoting job stability, managing workloads effectively, and improving organizational climate are critical to mitigating burnout, protecting mental health, and enhancing workforce well-being. This research provides important empirical evidence for creating preventive occupational health policies and intervention programs that aim to enhance mental health and maintain the long-term quality of healthcare services.12 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Can social robots improve the hospital experience of children?(2026); ; ;Marcelo Fajardo-Pruna ;Edwin Pozo-SaflaFrancisco Yumbla15 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Immersive Virtual Reality Application for the Evaluation of Depression in Older Adults(2026); ; Although evidence supports the use of virtual reality for cognitive assessment in the older adult, studies on the assessment of mental disorders such as depression are scarce. Previous studies show satisfactory results in the young adult population, but further analysis is needed in the geriatric population. This research analyzed the ability of a virtual reality application to assess levels of depression in older adults, analyzing the correlation between demographic variables and performance on the application. Fourteen older adults with an age of 74.86 (5.4) participated in the study. Demographic variables, depressive symptoms were evaluated, and Spearman correlation tests were performed to analyze the relationship between age, schooling and performance in the application. The research reveals a significant association between age and task execution time, indicating that the older the age, the longer it takes to complete the task. A correlation is identified between schooling and the number of errors, highlighting that more education does not guarantee the absence of errors. Although no direct correlation was found between level of depression and application performance, the promising utility of virtual reality in this area, supported by recent studies, is underscored. The study contributes to the understanding of how virtual reality applications can be valuable in the assessment of mental health in older adults. Although limitations such as sample size are acknowledged, the results establish a foundation for future research. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.10
