Morales Molina, Tania
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Morales Molina, Tania
Main Affiliation
Ambato
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taniamorales@uti.edu.ec
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Scopus Author ID
57223105489

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Obstacles that Limit Innovation in Activities Related to Ecuador’s Productive Sectors MSMEs

2025 , Morales Molina, Tania , Catalina Silva-Ordóñez , Salazar Mera, Juan Eduardo , Mora Rosales, José

This paper studies the main obstacles that limit innovation in activities related to productive sectors in Ecuadorian companies with less than 200 workers (micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, MSMEs). The aim is to identify those obstacles that directly keep the sectorial innovation from growing. The study used a quantitative and explanatory analysis using the results presented by the Superintendency of Companies of Ecuador at the end of 2023. At the national level, there were the following numbers of companies: Micro (62,724), Small (21,305) and Medium (6,135). The results show that companies are working inefficiently in relation to growth in innovation, representing current technological challenges. The conclusions present proposals and recommendations for micro-entities to survive and compete better in the current environment, through a guide of good practices that will positively influence the innovation and modernization of their companies.

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Entrepreneurship: The Case of Ecuador

2021 , Morales Molina, Tania , Llamuca Pérez S. , Morales-Urrutia X. , Victor V.E.

In recent decades, entrepreneurship has experienced a significant increase worldwide, being considered as an important tool to improve the economic growth of a country. This article aims to present an overview of the current situation of entrepreneurship at both national and local levels. The methodology used was descriptive, also a literature review was conducted, the data analyzed came from the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses of the directory of companies for the period 2013–2016, the number of enterprises at the level of Ecuador and specific by province was analyzed. After the analysis, it was concluded that there is a significant increase in micro-enterprises throughout the country, especially in the provinces of Pichincha and Guayas. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Efficiency of Permanent Crops: Bananas, Cocoa, Coffee in Ecuador. An Analysis During the COVID 19 Pandemic

2024 , Morales Molina, Tania , Martínez Mesías J.P. , Aldas Salazar D. , Morales-Urrutia X.

Ecuador is in a privileged climatological zone. It admits that in its territories permanent crops of high demand are generated both locally and internationally, as is the case of bananas, coffee, and cocoa. For this reason, it is important to control the resources involved in its production and verify the level of efficiency in order to maintain competitive standards worldwide. Thus, in the present study the technical efficiency of the aforementioned crops is calculated and analyzed in a period of great importance such as 2020–2021, since it significantly marked the world economies due to the COVID 19 pandemic. To calculate the efficiency, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used, that works with inputs and outputs, which were identified in the database of the Continuous Surface and Agricultural Production Surveys (ESPAC) report, generated by the Directorate of Economic Statistics and the Agricultural Statistics Unit of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC). Determining production as the output variable and the main input variables: planted area, workers, fertilizers, and insecticides. The main results indicate that banana has not undergone significant changes in its production efficiency, while cocoa and coffee maintained lower levels of efficiency in 2020 compared to 2021 in most of the provinces of Ecuador where it is grown. Evidencing that the management of resources during the pandemic were limited and, in many cases, scarce. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Social capital and the generation of technological innovations in Ecuadorian companies

2021 , Morales-Urrutia D. , Morales Molina, Tania , Morales-Urrutia E. , Quiroga-López M.

The objective of this research is to analyze social capital in the generation of technological innovations in Ecuadorian companies. From the methodological point of view, the data from the Ecuadorian Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) are taken from the ACTI 2012-2014 survey. The results point to the existence of an influence of social capital in the creation of technological innovations in companies. In conclusion, the importance of the networks and the links that are managed strategically in the sectors are highlighted. © 2021, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.

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Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance: The Case of the Tungurahua Concessionaires

2025 , Morales Molina, Tania , Ximena Morales-Urrutia , Marcelo Mantilla Falcón , Estefanía Cayo-Hurtado

The objective of the research is to analyze the intellectual capital and financial performance of concessionaires in the city of Ambato in the period 2018–2022. In order to analyze intellectual capital, the Intellectual Added Value Coefficient (VAICTM) was used, while to measure financial performance, the profitability indicators ROA and ROE were used. The methodology used was quantitative in nature, the sample was 11 dealerships belonging to ISIC G4510.01 corresponding to the sale of vehicles. According to the results obtained, it is shown that the Ciudad del Auto CIAUTO Cía dealerships. Ltda., and Ambacar Cía. Ltda., have the best indices in each of the components of intellectual capital. However, when analyzing these values using the Pearson Correlation, it was concluded that the VAICTM has no relationship with the financial performance in the 5 years studied, since salaries and wages are low in relation to the income received by the concessionaires.

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Attrition Factors and Retention Strategies in Distance Higher Education

2025 , Morales Molina, Tania , Rios Ponce, Marco , Núñez-Naranjo, Aracelly Fernanda , Chaviano Quesada, Alejandro

Distance higher education faces significant challenges in student retention, affected by economic, academic, personal and technological factors. This study aims to identify the main causes of attrition and propose strategies to improve retention in this modality. Using a mixed approach, quantitative data from 3,835 students enrolled in a higher education institution in Ecuador were analyzed, complemented by qualitative interviews with administrative and teaching staff. The results revealed that economic (34.09%) and academic (27.79%) factors are the main barriers to retention, followed by family and personal problems (13.75%). In addition, limitations related to access and use of information technologies were identified, such as the lack of technological resources and the digital divide, which affect student performance. In conclusion, a comprehensive strategic plan is proposed that includes personalized tutoring, financial support, improvement of technological infrastructure and student welfare services. These strategies seek to reduce dropout, strengthen the educational experience and promote academic success in the distance learning modality.

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Relationship Between Body Schema and Socioemotional Well-Being in Early Childhood: A Comparative Study

2025 , Anabel Valdivieso , Núñez-Naranjo, Aracelly Fernanda , Morales Molina, Tania

The present study explores the deficiencies observed in the development of the body schema and the limited access to socio-emotional tools in early education students. The objective was to analyze the influence of the body schema on the socio-emotional well-being of boys and girls aged 4 to 5 years, belonging to the Teresa Flor Educational Unit, located in Ambato, Ecuador. With a quantitative approach and a quasi-experimental design of exploratory and explanatory scope, 47 students were evaluated using the Goodenough and Harris tests. Statistical tests were used to test the hypothesis that the development of the body schema positively impacts socioemotional well-being. The results revealed that greater development of the body schema is related to higher self-esteem, better emotional management and more effective social interaction. Objectively applied evaluations showed that children with greater knowledge of their body tend to manage their emotions better and establish stronger social relationships. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of promoting activities that encourage the development of the body schema, since they contribute significantly to socio-emotional well-being in early childhood. These findings highlight the need to incorporate socio-emotional tools and resources in educational programs to guarantee comprehensive development.

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Technology-Based Companies: The Case of South American Countries

2022 , Morales Molina, Tania , Núñez-Torres G. , Hernández-Espín V.

In recent decades, technology-based companies have achieved significant global recognition, given their importance and substantial contribution to the economic and sustainable development of organizations and society at large, through job and wealth creation. The research objective focuses on determining the relationship between technology-based companies and R&D and innovation spending. To meet the objective, the methodology applied was based on the application of Pearson’s correlation coefficient statistical technique, since it allows to obtain an association coefficient between variables that do not behave normally. The results indicate that R&D spending and innovation are representative factors for the operation of technology-based companies. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Relationship Between Technology and Education for Sustainable Development in Latin America as a Goal of the 2030 Agenda

2025 , Núñez-Naranjo, Aracelly Fernanda , Morales Molina, Tania , Alejandro Chaviano Quesada

Being sustainable is considered as part of the DNA of individuals, it is attributed much importance and social connotation because it contributes to the development and growth of countries in a very clear way and this is achieved by being socially responsible to society. In Latin America, the progress achieved in scientific development in the educational sector and technological trends, represents one of the cross-cutting objectives in the scenario of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda. The main objective of this research is to highlight the importance of the use of technologies in higher education that contribute to the strengthening of opportunities for social integration. In the methodology we consider a quantitative and qualitative approach that is developed with a literature review of scientific articles, academic books, analysis of materials (reports, brochures) that somehow help to know and reflect on the possibility of carrying out more in-depth studies and with a translucent vision between education and technologies. The results reflect the level of growth in recent times associated with educational technology 4.0, which supports university education in this invasive and timely digital era and thus contribute to develop one of the objectives planned in the 2030 agenda in Latin America. In the conclusions the new trends in digital education are perceived, the changes in study methods with the obligation of virtual study with new tools, taking into account through convergences and divergences and their link with technology in the education sector

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Health as a Determining Factor in Economic Progress and Living Conditions in Ecuador

2024 , Morales Molina, Tania , Chabely Figueredo-Morales , Ximena Morales-Urrutia , Geri Belén Bucheli-Vásquez

The contributions of health in economic progress contribute to the improvement of people’s living conditions and is a determinant in sustained growth to provide advances and improvements in living standards. The objective of the research is to demonstrate how economic capital truly intervenes in the social behavior and living conditions of people, especially in those areas where the population is more vulnerable. A descriptive observational study was conducted from January to July 2023 in the parish of Quisapincha (rural sector), province of Tungurahua, Ecuador. The population consisted of 11,581 people and the sample consisted of 116 people chosen by non-probabilistic convenience sampling. A structured questionnaire was applied personally to collect the data. The results denoted that the economic capital and environment of a country represent a future prognosis in the economic coverage to ensure education, health, food, personal privileges that improve the lifestyles of individuals and their families. The results of this research can be useful to evidence the project of local public policies that collaborate to the prevention of diseases as a determining factor in the economic progress and living conditions of individuals in Ecuador

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