Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Políticas
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Augmented Reality as a Promoter of Visualization for the Learning of Mathematics in Ninth-Year of Basic Education

2023 , Espinosa Pinos, Carlos Alberto , Amaluisa Rendón P.M. , Núñez Torres, María Giovanna , Quinatoa-Casicana J.

This research focused on developing a mobile application in Meta-verse augmented reality to improve the learning of notable products, factoring, and linear equations in ninth-grade students of the intercultural bilingual educational unit of the millennium “Pueblo Kisapincha” based on the notional method. The methodology applied was quasi-experimental and longitudinal, where related samples were compared using a diagnostic test versus a subsequent evaluation of knowledge. The sampling technique was by non-probabilistic convenience comprising 25 students and 15 teachers to whom a structured questionnaire was applied to determine the predisposition to work in the classroom with augmented reality, which was validated with Cronbach's alpha statistic (α = 0.844). The students’ scores improved significantly after participating in both evaluations, with the post-evaluation being the one that showed the highest score according to the Bayesian T-test applied to related samples. A proposal of activities was designed to motivate the study of algebraic expressions; this product was implemented considering the ADDIE instructional model, guiding each movement with its respective resolution process as a form of feedback. The proposal was evaluated by two experts in technology and two experts in education with more than ten years of experience. In conclusion, developing an augmented reality mobile application in Metaverse to improve the learning of introductory algebra proved to be a valuable and effective tool to contribute to student learning. The mobile application provided an interactive and engaging learning experience, so it is recommended to incorporate this mobile application in the curriculum of the Kisapincha educational unit and its possible implementation in other similar educational institutions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA IN ECUADOR AS A RESULT OF THE COVID-19 HEALTH EMERGENCY

2023 , Redrobán Barreto, William

With the validity of the Constitution of the Republic of 2008, the protection of personal data that is constantly at risk of being violated, due to the development of technology and the use of different digital platforms, is guaranteed. For this reason, it is necessary to identify which rights are implicit and how they can be violated. In Ecuador, particularly since the Covid-19 pandemic, the use of apps has become more frequent, as well as the requirement of information on the health of people by the State, for this reason, it is important to analyze the respective regulation around the subject that has been carried out with the validity of the Personal Data Protection Law. For this purpose, a descriptive research with a qualitative approach has been used, based on the exegetical analysis of the constitutional norms, as well as the Organic Law of Jurisdictional Guarantees and Constitutional Control in contrast to the Organic Law of Data Protection of Ecuador. In addition, to the review of the resolutions of the Constitutional Court of Ecuador and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. © 2023, University of Cienfuegos, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez. All rights reserved.

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RIGHT OF POSSESSION OR RIGHT OF DOMAIN AGAINST THE LEGALIZATION OF LANDS IN THE ECUADORIAN CIVIL CODE

2023 , Cárdenas Paredes, Karina , Salcedo E.R.R.

The legalization of land by possession has been considered a social problem for years, in view of the fact that there has been a lack of knowledge or lack of legal advice to regulate the situation of real estate before the competent agencies. The objective was to analyze the main reasons why people have not legalized their land and whether or not there has been a problem with the right of ownership, which leads the authors to demonstrate the need to change the course of this problem, giving importance to the legalization of land that is within civil law. © 2023, University of Cienfuegos, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez. All rights reserved.

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RECOGNITION OF THE RIGHTS OF TRANSGENDER PEOPLE IN THE FACE OF BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING

2023 , Urrutia Santillán V.P. , Jaramillo León A.A. , Acurio Mora, Jordy Daniel

Ecuador witnesses how after an arduous struggle for the defense of its fundamental rights, the LGBTIQ+ Community has gained its place and space, both nationally and internationally. As a result, the domestic legal system is adapted to it. Equality as a principle must be, at least formally, recognized to all people, therefore, transgender people are not an excluded case, but rather, it is part of the whole set of objects of protection, as a constitutional right and principle enjoyed by people without distinction of any category. The current Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador states that equality and non-discrimination shall be guaranteed within the Ecuadorian State. Based on this, the general objective is: To analyze the recognition that the transgender person has within the Ecuadorian legislation, maintaining the biopsychosocial welfare, for which a qualitative research approach is applied and methods such as analytical-synthetic and inductive are used, which allow observing in detail, the variables of study. All of which leads to argue how transgender people have the same rights and the same gua-rantees as the rest of the people, without distinction of any nature. © 2023, University of Cienfuegos, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez. All rights reserved.

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Occupational Risks: A Comparative Study of the Most Common Indicators in Uruguay, Cuba and Ecuador

2023 , Acosta Pérez, Paul Bladimir , Espinosa Pinos, Carlos Alberto , Acuña Mayorga, José Miguel , Lascano Arias, Giovanni

Efficiency and effectiveness in daily work activities demand the control of processes, those elements that can affect the health of employees known as occupational risks. The objective of this study was to identify indicators of more frequent labor risks in the countries of Uruguay, Cuba and Ecuador, for which a bibliographic compilation was carried out, as well as a descriptive analysis of the indicators of occupational risk. The results show that the countries analyzed coincide as the highest index of risks to manufacturing industries. It is concluded that the international regulations and conventions that govern safety have been accepted by the different countries that make them up, mainly in the statistical registry of accidents, reports, affiliates among others. Finally, policies aimed at the prevention, detection, monitoring and eradication of occupational risks in the workplace must be established. © 2023 IEEE.

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Classification Tools to Assess Critical Thinking in Automotive Engineering Students

2024 , Espinosa Pinos, Carlos Alberto , Amaluisa Rendón, Paulina Magally , Noemi Viviana Rodríguez Ortiz

Inadequate conflict resolution skills in automotive engineering students can have negative consequences in the workplace. The development of mathematical logical thinking can help students develop critical analysis skills, improve problem-solving ability, develop reasoning skills, and effective communication, enabling them to deal effectively with conflicts and find creative solutions. This research aims to identify predictors of problem-solving ability using classification algorithms. Methodology: In this study, three classification algo-rithms were applied and the KDD process was used to identify predictors of problem-solving ability. The data set includes 60 records of students from the automotive engineering program at Universidad Equinoccial in Quito, Ecuador, to whom three tools were applied: a sociodemographic card, a Shatnawi test related to mathematical logical thinking, and a Watson Glaser test on conflict resolution ability. Results: The best classification model is the K-nearest neighbors’ algorithm and its predictive ability is very good, with a true positive rate versus false positive rate AUC of 0.75, along with a good performance in classifying negative cases. The model can be improved with increased sampling, cross-validation, or hyper-parameter adjustment. Conclusion: Age and mathematical logical thinking are strongly associated with conflict resolution ability. In future research it is important to consider additional variables such as experience in problem-solving projects, technical knowledge and communication skills; to explore the use of more advanced machine learning algo-rhythms; to design specific educational interventions based on the development of mathematical logical thinking; or to compare conflict resolution ability between different engineering disciplines.

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DESPIDATIVELY AWARE OF THE PREGNANT WOMAN, AND HER REPRESSION AS A VULNERABLE GROUP EMBEDDED

2022 , Molestina, R.P. , Rodríguez Saledo, E.

The objective of this work is to critically and legally analyze the untimely dismissal of pregnant women, and its future consequences, as this is a vulnerable group protected by the Constitution, within the framework of a comparative study of the laws that affect labor. A descriptive contribution research was carried out, with a qualitative approach, through a bibliographic and historical review. This study will facilitate analytical understanding in the area of labor law, thus creating new approaches in this area of knowledge. The study concludes that the purpose of the Labor Code and the Organic Law of Public Service should be analyzed, around the violation of the rights of the worker, as well as the best interests of the child. © 2022, University of Cienfuegos, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez. All rights reserved.

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GENDER EQUALITY IN INTERNATIONAL LABOR STANDARDS AND FAIR RECRUITMENT

2023 , Pangol Lascano, Alberto , Romero Carrera E.C.

At the global level, the universalization of labor rights is in a stage of profound transformation, aimed at strengthening protective mechanisms. The States have committed to propose responses to all these challenges with multidimensional criteria and framed in the fulfillment of fundamental rights. This is how the ILO through the NIT includes principles and rights at work as enabling conditions that contribute to a better life condition of society. In this context, this research aims to analyze gender equality in international labor standards and fair hiring, through a legal-comparative analysis, responding to a qualitative research approach. The results made it possible to show that, although international labor standards have not been fully integrated into national legislation, which violates the principle of gender equality, since women continue to be discriminated against in terms of employment and occupation. In addition, globalization has affected the migration of workers, which is why the fair hiring process arises, promoted by the ILO, and whose initiative is to prevent abuses of workers, human trafficking and forced labor. © 2023, University of Cienfuegos, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez. All rights reserved.

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THE RIGHT TO PROOF AND ITS LEGAL CONFIGURATION WITHIN THE GENERAL ORGANIC CODE OF PROCESSES

2023 , García Díaz, José , Castillo P.A.F. , Navarro E.C.M.

The right to proof, understood as that evidentiary activity recognized in favor of the parties, has special relevance within the general theory of the process, which is why the constitution has decided to recognize it as a constitutional law as an integral part of the right to due process. Despite its importance, the right to proof has not deserved adequate treatment by the Constitutional Court, being legally associated as a part of the macro right to due process, thus ignoring the vast substantial content that it should enjoy. In contrast, within Spanish and Colombian comparative law, it is evident that through the right to proof, two dimensions or edges are manifested that combine not only mere access or opportunity to present evidence, but also the application of well-founded evidentiary limits, as well as the conception of the right to proof with an average system of administration of justice. This article aims to shed light on those forgotten or unknown dimensions of the right to proof, as well as its application by judges when justifying the acceptance or not of a certain request for access to evidence required by the parties. © 2023, University of Cienfuegos, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez. All rights reserved.

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THE PRINCIPLE OF IURA NOVIT CURIA IN LABOR MATTERS

2023 , Valverde J.A.A. , Paredes K.D.C.

The principle of Iura Novit Curia is one of the fundamental principles within procedural law that are currently applied, since its meaning is relevant when saying: “the judge knows the law”. This principle is based on the application made by the administrator of justice of the rules that have not necessarily been invoked by the procedural parties in terms of the events exposed, but that the judge needs to apply a normative content that allows him to motivate and support his decision. The general objective of this article is to perform a critical-legal analysis of the principle of Iura Novit Curia in labor matters, which is regulated within the Ecuadorian legal system and has international relevance. In order to know the investigative result, the qualitative methodology has been used with methods such as the historical-logical, determining the real trajectory of the principle of iura novit curia and which are the existing general laws in Ecuador for the development and application of this principle. All this in order to verify the scope of Iura Novit Curia in labor matters and how it is currently being applied to protect the rights of individuals and to safeguard effective judicial protection and legal certainty as a duty of the State. © 2023, University of Cienfuegos, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez. All rights reserved.

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