Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Administrativas y Negocios
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Teleworking modality in times of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador

2021 , Maité Priscila G.-R. , Catalina Alexandra S.-O. , Salazar Mera, Juan Eduardo , Fabián Ernesto G.-P.

The 21st century comes with a technological development that changes, renews and improves, according to the requirements of society and companies. This article aims to analyze the work modality, called teleworking in Ecuador, examine the legal regulations to apply it in the business sector, determine its evolution during the COVID-19 health pandemic decreed by Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director of the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020 and verify the effects of its application. The methodology used was bibliographic-documentary through the analysis of the legal regulations, texts, articles, data and statistics published by the Ecuadorian state and other materials related to the subject. The results were obtained that this type of work contributed to save approximately 63,200 jobs, partially sustaining companies, increased workplace harassment and abuse by employers, lack of physical infrastructure, failures in connection systems and /or transfer of data, among others. It was concluded that telework, implemented on a mandatory basis in 2020, is an effective work alternative in the business sector, has sufficient legal regulations in force in the country and protected the health of the Ecuadorian inhabitants. © 2021

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Application of E-commerce in Ecuador's Economic Activities

2022 , Palacio Fierro, Andrés , Llamuca-Pérez S. , Morales-Urrutia X.

Currently, e-commerce has become one of the most widely used forms of trade worldwide, favouring companies by increasing their sales; on the other hand, to customers or consumers by meeting their needs through online shopping in less time. The objective of the research focuses on analyzing the relationship between the use or application of e-commerce in companies according to their size. To meet the goal, the methodology used was built on the Pearson's correlation coefficient statistical technique, since it allows to obtain an association coefficient between variables that do not behave normally. The results point out that e-commerce is a form of exchange, which is being used by all types of companies analyzed, however, large companies are the ones that stand out, as they have the most resources to apply this type of trade. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Empirical evidence for intransitivity in consumer preferences

2020 , Guadalupe, J , Cruz Cárdenas, Jorge , Artola-Jarrín V. , Palacio Fierro, Andrés

Consumer preferences patterns; Edible and nonedible goods; Transitivity assumption; Preference reversal phenomenon; Strong and weak transitivity, Behavioral economics; Money; Macroeconomics; Econometrics; Experimental economics. © 2020The present paper addresses one of the most important assumptions in consumer preference patterns: transitivity. This assumption states that, logically, selections between goods are rational because of the transitivity statement, which posits that people always prefer goods in the following order: A is preferred to B, and B is preferred to C, so A is preferred to C. With the aim of proving this principle's validity, we conducted an experiment with 70 subjects and probed their preferences in relation to edible and nonedible goods. We used a survey methodology, which allowed us to analyze three distinct situations: 1) individuals faced with goods choices without restrictions; 2) individuals facing budget restrictions and price changes; and 3) individuals faced with decreased disposable income. The results mostly showed that there was no evidence of transitivity in consumer preferences. On average, transitivity appeared in only 8% of the sample, and in cases where transitivity was proved, it was revealed to be strong. The preferences were transitive primarily in relation to edible rather than nonedible goods. © 2020

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A long-range, low-cost technique to measure water level variations over limnimeters on hydraulic weir using machine vision and IoT

2022 , Chiliquinga-Chiliquinga A. , Garcés-Llerena R. , Bautista-Naranjo V. , Vayas Ortega, Germania , Castillo-Velazquez J.-I. , Clotet R. , Huerta M. , Rivas-Lalaleo D.

It is neither practical nor economical to make continuous and direct measurements of the water flow in a stream, so indirect methods must be used to measure the water level and, based on a calibration curve, relate it to the corresponding flow rate. A hydraulic weir with a limnimeter fulfills this purpose, but its disadvantage is that it does not allow the automated registration of the water level and therefore new and more efficient technologies must be used to perform this measurement automatically and thus have a lower waste and optimization of the resource. This experiment develops an algorithm based on computer vision and the inclusion of the concepts of the Internet of Things, in order to measure and record the values of the water level in a hydraulic dam, also includes energy storage system, power supply, remote computer, devices with wireless communication and IoT platform that allow a measurement error of less than ± 2% to be obtained with respect to a visual measurement made by the operator. © 2022 IEEE.

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Safety During the Fruit and Flowers Festival and Its Impact on Local Entrepreneurs

2021 , Morales Molina, Tania , Núñez Torres G. , Bucheli Vasquez G. , Machado López L.

This research focuses on the need for touristic safety by domestic and foreign visitors in the city of Ambato, during the Fruit and Flowers Festival. The objective of the research is to determine the level of physical insecurity perceived by tourists visiting the city of Ambato during the festival. The methodology used was developed on a descriptive and exploratory level, as well as a bibliographic search; in addition, interviews were conducted with 40 domestic tourists and 30 foreigners, who visited the province during the festivities in the 2020 carnival. The method of observation was also applied. The results obtained were of concern to the province, as tourists are not satisfied with security and the different actions that were applied in relation to it. The conclusion reached is that tourism security policies must be implemented; in the same way, security needs to be intensified by implementing surveillance strategies in smaller spaces, as well as enforcing public order and monitoring the presence of misbehaving individuals. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Consumer value creation through WhatsApp use: A qualitative multimethod approach in a Latin American scenario

2019 , Cruz Cárdenas, Jorge , Guadalupe, J , Zabelina E. , Palacio Fierro, Andrés , Velín-Fárez M. , Staniewski M.W.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to understand in-depth how consumers create value in their lives using WhatsApp, the leading mobile instant messaging (MIM) application. Design/methodology/approach: The study adopts the perspective of customer-dominant logic (CDL) and uses a qualitative multimethod design involving 3 focus groups and 25 subsequent in-depth interviews. The research setting was Ecuador, a Latin American country. Findings: Analysis and interpretation of the participants’ stories made it possible to identify and understand the creation of four types of value: maintaining and strengthening relationships; improving role performance; emotional support; and entertainment and fun. In addition, the present study proposes a conceptual model of consumer value creation as it applies to MIM. Practical implications: Understanding the way consumers create value in their lives using MIM is important not only for organizations that offer MIM applications, but also for those companies that develop other applications for mobile phones or for those who wish to use MIM as an electronic word-of-mouth vehicle. Originality/value: The current study is one of the first to address the topic of consumer behavior in the use of technologies from the perspective of CDL; this perspective enables an integrated qualitative vision of value creation in which the consumer is the protagonist. © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited.

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Omnichannel Marketing in Ambato’s SMEs

2023 , Suárez Pérez, Juan Carlos

Globalization and the pandemic showed the shortcomings that exist in the management of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ambato, especially in marketing issues, because they do not allocate the necessary resources to design and implement strategies that allow them to satisfy the demands of consumers who, thanks to the Internet, access large information bases, and that also provides the option to buy products and services from a wide range of companies, whose mission is to differentiate themselves from competitors through the offer of unique experiences. In this sense, the objective is to determine the importance of the integration of communication and distribution channels in improving the customer experience. The methodology used is mixed, because it allows to describe and explain phenomena based on qualitative and quantitative data, which allow to understand reality in a comprehensive way. The results obtained underpin the value of omnichannel and digitalization of businesses, and the creation of company profiles to determine how they can take advantage of this type of strategy and improve consumer satisfaction levels. Finally, it was possible to know that at present, there is a hyper-connectivity of consumers, and therefore, marketing trends focus on strategies in which traditional and digital communication and distribution channels coexist and thus improve the company-customer relationship. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Trust: Tacit Strategy in Organizational Management

2021 , Suárez-Morales L. , Narvaez G. , Suárez S. , León R.

The objective of this article is to reflect from the theories of Management and Social Psychology on the concept of trust in organizational management, those tacit elements that frame performance. Coleman’s Rational Action Theory, Simon’s Organizational Management Theory and Mintzberg’s Organizational Structure Theory. The methodology was based on the qualitative approach, the type of research was exploratory, using the technique of documentary analysis of bibliographic review in the database of Scopus and classic authors related to the topic. 232 small businesses were tested. By way of conclusion, organizational trust consolidates the management and strategy of the institutional fabric, as a tacit substantial part from the schools of thought of functional administration. Equilibrium theory, the theory of cognitive limits, which proposes confidence as an organization’s performance strategy. © 2021, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.

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Digital Animation, Health Education in Post COVID-19 Scenario

2024 , Oleas, J , Aguayza-Mendieta C. , Avilés-Castillo, Fátima , Sanchez D.

In post pandemics scenario, viral respiratory diseases are show up very often in changeable and usually cold weather locations. Ecuadorian cities in Andean region have altitude and unpredictable climate characteristics where respiratory diseases are frequent. COVID-19, influenza, flu and other infections are still present in the environment This research shows a development and application of digital animation, showing the audiovisual production processes developed through digital tools, products in educational contexts, adapted to the global health situation post pandemics. The study shows a mixed-type research divided into two phases. The first stage, for information collection, determined the needs for learning topics that collaborates in COVID-19 prevention in elementary education population through digital cartoons as a tool using social media as broadcast medium. The second stage, the animated product evaluation, inside an application scenario, in elementary schools in Riobamba city, that was exhibited through social networks. Through qualitative and quantitative research approaches, it has been possible to demonstrate the animation (digital cartoons) relevance in educational areas. Likewise, the study shows teachers and parents positive predisposition of digital animation use, as a learning tool and its use for educational content transmission, which is something new in the Ecuadorian school scene. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Social capital and the generation of technological innovations in Ecuadorian companies

2021 , Morales-Urrutia D. , Morales Molina, Tania , Morales-Urrutia E. , Quiroga-López M.

The objective of this research is to analyze social capital in the generation of technological innovations in Ecuadorian companies. From the methodological point of view, the data from the Ecuadorian Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) are taken from the ACTI 2012-2014 survey. The results point to the existence of an influence of social capital in the creation of technological innovations in companies. In conclusion, the importance of the networks and the links that are managed strategically in the sectors are highlighted. © 2021, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.

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