Loaiza Martinez, Daniela

Preferred name

Main Affiliation

Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y Bienestar Humano

Ambato

danielaloaiza@uti.edu.ec

ORCID

0000-0002-1348-410X

Scopus Author ID

57203958059

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

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Crononutrición, Microbiota Intestinal y Riesgo Cardiovascular en el Envejecimiento: Una Revisión Narrativa
(CEIT S.A., 2026-07-29)
Pilatasig-Llerena, Emily
;
Nolivos-Vimos, Jhaela
;
Loaiza Martinez, Daniela
Introducción: El envejecimiento se asocia con una disminución de la diversidad y resiliencia de la microbiota intestinal, favoreciendo un estado de inflamación crónica de bajo grado (inflammaging) que se relaciona con un mayor riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. En este contexto, la crononutrición ha emergido como una estrategia potencial para modular los ritmos circadianos y la composición de la microbiota intestinal, con posibles implicaciones sobre la salud cardiometabólica. Objetivo: Analizar la interacción entre estos factores, describir los mecanismos fisiopatológicos implicados y evaluar el potencial de las estrategias crononutricionales como herramientas no farmacológicas para favorecer un envejecimiento cardiovascular saludable. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión narrativa mediante búsqueda en PubMed, Web of Science y Scopus de estudios publicados entre enero de 2012 y septiembre de 2025. Se priorizaron investigaciones en adultos ≥60 años e incluyeron estudios mecanísticos relevantes. Se incorporaron 69 estudios. Resultados: El envejecimiento se relaciona con menor diversidad microbiana, reducción de taxones beneficiosos como Akkermansia y Christensenellaceae y mayor disbiosis. Metabolitos como los ácidos grasos de cadena corta (AGCC) y el óxido de trimetilamina (TMAO) participan en procesos inflamatorios, oxidativos y vasculares. La alimentación con restricción de tiempo y dietas ricas en fibra podrían mejorar la composición de la microbiota y biomarcadores cardiovasculares, aunque la evidencia sigue siendo heterogénea. Conclusión: La interacción entre crononutrición y microbiota intestinal constituye un componente relevante del eje intestino-corazón durante el envejecimiento. Sincronizar los horarios de alimentación con los ritmos circadianos podría mejorar la composición y función de la microbiota y algunos biomarcadores cardiovasculares. No obstante, aún no existe evidencia suficiente para establecer una relación causal, por lo que se requieren ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y estudios longitudinales.
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Ayuno Intermitente 16:8 y Ayuno 5:2 en el Control Glucémico de la Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2: Revisión Sistemática y Síntesis Comparativa Indirecta
(CEIT S.A., 2026-07-29)
Cadena-Vizuete, Tammy
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Chiluisa-Obando, Nicole
;
Loaiza Martinez, Daniela
Introducción: El ayuno intermitente se ha propuesto como una estrategia nutricional complementaria para el control glucémico en adultos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Sin embargo, la evidencia disponible para los esquemas 16:8 y 5:2 procede de estudios que, en su mayoría, los evaluaron por separado y frente a comparadores diferentes. El objetivo fue sintetizar de forma comparativa indirecta los efectos de ambos protocolos sobre el control glucémico. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática conforme a PRISMA 2020. Fueron elegibles estudios publicados desde el 1 de enero de 2015 hasta la fecha de la última búsqueda, realizada el 14 de enero de 2026, que evaluaran 16:8 o 5:2 en adultos con DM2 y contaran con un comparador contemporáneo. Se aplicaron RoB 2 a los ensayos aleatorizados y ROBINS-I a los no aleatorizados. No se realizó metaanálisis por heterogeneidad clínica y metodológica. La certeza global de la evidencia no se calificó mediante GRADE. Resultados: Se incluyeron siete estudios publicados entre 2019 y 2024: seis ensayos aleatorizados y un estudio controlado no aleatorizado. No se identificó ningún ensayo que comparara directamente 16:8 frente a 5:2. En 5:2 se observaron reducciones de HbA1c de magnitud variable, desde cambios modestos en el estudio no aleatorizado hasta −1,9 puntos porcentuales en el ensayo EARLY; en 16:8, los estudios también mostraron descensos de HbA1c, aunque las estimaciones se expresaron como cambios intragrupo o diferencias frente a controles distintos. La heterogeneidad de comparadores, duración, modalidades de intervención, tratamiento farmacológico y forma de reportar los desenlaces impidió jerarquizar válidamente un protocolo sobre el otro. No se observó una señal consistente de eventos adversos graves, pero el número y la duración de los estudios fueron insuficientes para establecer seguridad a largo plazo. Conclusión: La evidencia disponible sugiere que tanto 16:8 como 5:2 pueden asociarse con mejorías del control glucémico en adultos seleccionados con DM2. No obstante, la comparación entre ambos es indirecta, la certeza no fue evaluada formalmente con GRADE y no existe evidencia suficiente para afirmar superioridad de un esquema. Se requieren ensayos aleatorizados head-to-head, con desenlaces estandarizados y seguimiento prolongado.
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Personalised Nutritional Plan and Resistance Exercise Program to Improve Health Parameters in Celiac Women
(2022)
Martínez-Rodríguez, A.
;
Loaiza Martinez, Daniela
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Sánchez-Sánchez, J.
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Rubio-Arias, J.Á.
;
Alacid, F.
Celiac disease (CD) is a permanent immune reaction to gluten in those with a genetic predisposition. This study was designed to evaluate menopause-associated symptoms, mood, bone quality, and IgA antibody levels in women with CD, untreated and treated with a gluten-free diet (GFD), and with or without resistance exercise. The randomised controlled trial was conducted on 28 Spanish women (>40 years old). Participants were divided into the following intervention groups: personalised gluten-free nutrition plan + exercise (GFD + E); personalised gluten-free nutrition plan (GFD); celiac controls (NO-GFD); and non-celiac controls (CONTROL). The participants responded to the Menopause Rating Scale and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaires. Bone quality was measured with ultrasound and IgA with a blood test. After 12 weeks of intervention, the GFD + E group showed significant improvement in urogenital symptoms and scored higher on the ‘vigour’ subscale of the POMS. Negative associations were found between the total score on the Menopause Rating Scale and the ‘vigour’ subscale of the POMS questionnaire. Only those women who underwent a personalised GFD nutritional intervention combined with resistance exercise demonstrated significant changes after the intervention. © 2022 by the authors.
Scopus© Citations 1 23
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A Narrative Review of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination in Ecuador: A Crisis of Inequity and an Evidence-Based Roadmap for Elimination
(2025)
Sánchez Redrobán, José
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Loaiza Martinez, Daniela
;
Carlos Santillan
Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) remains the leading cause of cervical cancer in Ecuador, which suffers from systemic programmatic failures that undermine the global elimination strategy. Crisis: Ecuador’s HPV vaccination coverage (35.6% first dose; 17.3% complete) is the lowest in Latin America, starkly contrasting with the WHO’s 90% target for cervical cancer elimination (Pan American Health Organization 2025). Structural inequities, a profound genotypic mismatch with the circulating quadrivalent vaccine (HPV 58/31/52 prevalence), and fragmented implementation perpetuate this public health crisis (Jose Ortiz Segarra et al. Infectious Disease Reports, 15(3):267–278 2023). Key Findings: Our analysis reveals that the nation’s health-center-based model fails to reach vulnerable populations, a problem exacerbated by critical cold chain deficiencies in 30% of facilities. In contrast, regional successes, such as Peru’s school-based programs (94% coverage) and Colombia’s strategic adoption of the nonavalent vaccine, offer a clear roadmap for reform (Pan American Health Organization 2025, María Ines Sarmiento-Medina et al. PLOS ONE, 19(2):e0297579 2024). Recommendations: We propose an evidence-based 5-point plan to overhaul Ecuador’s strategy: a targeted nonavalent vaccine pilot, immediate adoption of a single-dose schedule, culturally adapted self-sampling programs, phased-in gender-neutral vaccination, and urgent investment in cold chain infrastructure
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Localization of the Porion Landmark in Orthodontics: A Comparison of the Efficiency of NEMO-Ceph 2020 Software between Inexperienced and Expert Operators
(2023)
Loaiza Martinez, Daniela
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Llerena-Velasquez S.A.
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Gallegos J.
;
Ferrando R.
This study discusses the utility of the NEMO-Ceph 2020 software in localizing the cephalometric landmark known as the Porion point (Po) and the Frankfurt plane in orthodontics. It highlights the challenges in locating the Porion point due to anatomical variations and external factors. The use of radiographs as a diagnostic method is mentioned, along with the need for new tools to aid in locating the Porion landmark. The study employed a database of 179 teleradiographs from the "UCAM DENTAL"database, processed using NEMO-Ceph 2020® software. Inexperienced operators (4th and 5th-year dentistry students) and an expert operator participated. Linear measurements and angular differences were analyzed using the software. Results revealed discrepancies in the Porion point's location among operators, with mean discrepancies of 2.42 mm (X-axis) and 2.23 mm (Y-axis). The mean discrepancy between Porion points was 2.47 mm, and with the Frankfurt point was 2.44 mm. No statistically significant correlation existed between discrepancies in the X and Y axes. The study concluded that there was a significant difference in Porion point location between inexperienced operators and the expert, and that NEMO-Ceph 2020® software required expert operators for accurate localization of cephalometric landmarks and could not predict the point independently. © 2023 IEEE.
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Psychological, Physiological, and Physical Effects of Resistance Training and Personalized Diet in Celiac Women
(2022)
Martínez-Rodríguez, A.
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Loaiza Martinez, Daniela
;
Sánchez-Sánchez, J.
;
Rubio-Arias, J.Á.
;
Alacid, F.
Background: Gluten intolerance is a systemic process of autoimmune nature; it develops in genetically predisposed subjects with gluten ingestion. The only treatment for celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong strict gluten-free diet (GFD). This study was designed to evaluate adherence to a GFD, risk of an eating disorder, and nutritional status in adult CD patients undergoing different interventions. Methods: A total of 28 Spanish women, aged 40 years or more, took part in a randomized controlled trial. Each group received a different intervention: group 1, gluten-free nutrition plan + exercise (GFD + E); group 2, gluten-free nutrition plan (GFD); group 3, celiac controls (NO-GFD); and group 4, non-celiac controls (CONTROL). The training was prescribed by a sport scientist. It was based on resistance training with elastic bands; beforehand a warm-up was performed and the resistance was increased progressively. The variables studied were adherence to the GFD, risk of eating disorders, blood values, and body composition. Results: Celiac women with personalized nutritional planning presented greater adherence to a gluten-free diet (p < 0.001). Regarding leukocytes, significant differences were observed between the GFD and control groups (p = 0.004). Perimeters and folds did not decrease significantly. Conclusion: Women with celiac disease who follow an adapted and personalized diet have a better adherence to a GFD compared to those who follow a non-professional diet, and therefore have a better immune system status (blood leukocytes). Copyright © 2022 Martínez-Rodríguez, Loaiza-Martínez, Sánchez-Sánchez, Rubio-Arias, Alacid, Prats-Moya, Martínez-Olcina, Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Asencio-Mas and Marcos-Pardo.
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Más allá del IMC: Adaptaciones Cardiopulmonares y Metabólicas al Acondicionamiento Militar de Alta Intensidad — Una Revisión Narrativa Crítica
(CEIT S.A., 2026-07-29)
Padilla-Torres, Paula
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Núñez-Santamaria, Justin
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Garces-Jiménez, Ariel
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Salazar-Romo, David
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Loaiza Martinez, Daniela
El entrenamiento militar de alta intensidad expone al personal a estresores físicos, cognitivos y ambientales combinados que requieren adaptaciones fisiológicas coordinadas entre múltiples sistemas. Esta revisión narrativa con estrategia de búsqueda sistemática examinó las adaptaciones cardiopulmonares, neuromusculares y metabólicas asociadas al acondicionamiento militar, además de evaluar críticamente la validez del índice de masa corporal (IMC) como indicador de salud y preparación operativa. Se seleccionaron 36 estudios publicados entre 2010 y 2025 a partir de las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect y Google Scholar, considerando su calidad metodológica y relevancia para poblaciones militares. Los hallazgos indican que el entrenamiento militar induce adaptaciones integradas, incluyendo aumento del volumen sistólico, mejora de la eficiencia ventilatoria, mayor flexibilidad metabólica y mayor eficiencia neuromuscular, favoreciendo el rendimiento y la resiliencia bajo estrés operacional. Sin embargo, el IMC no reflejó adecuadamente estas adaptaciones y clasificó erróneamente a individuos altamente entrenados. La evidencia respalda el uso de modelos de evaluación multidimensional que integren composición corporal, rendimiento cardiopulmonar y capacidad funcional para una valoración más precisa de la preparación militar.
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Is There a Relationship Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Anthropometric Status?
(2025)
Camaño Carball, Lilian
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Alejandro Ernesto Lorenzo Hidalgo
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Romero Riaño, Paola
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Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez
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Loaiza Martinez, Daniela
Background: Helicobacter pylori infection, overweight, and obesity are global health concerns. This bacterium is involved in the pathophysiology of chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. Additionally, overweight and obesity, associated with unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyles, cause alterations in the gut microbiota that facilitate gastric colonization by Helicobacter pylori. Moreover, individuals with obesity tend to consume low-quality foods due to episodes of anxiety and exhibit elevated insulin levels, which may promote the development of gastric neoplasms. Studies conducted in Latin America have found that over 50% of participants are infected with Helicobacter pylori, a situation similar to that reported in Ecuador, where the prevalence of overweight and obesity in individuals aged 19 to 59 years reached 64.58% in 2018. Both health issues are influenced by the high consumption of processed foods or those prepared under inadequate hygiene conditions. Methods: In this context, this research aimed to correlate the body composition of university students with the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori. An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study was conducted with 57 Nursing, Medicine, and Psychology students from Universidad Indoamérica, Ambato campus, during 2024. Fecal samples were analyzed to detect the presence of the bacterium, and anthropometric measurements were taken to establish a possible relationship between these parameters. Results: Of the 57 students who participated, 54.39% tested positive for Helicobacter pylori. However, the presence of the bacteria did not show any relationship with body composition parameters such as fat mass, lean mass, BMI, weight, height, or age. Conclusions: The study found no evidence of a connection between Helicobacter pylori infection and anthropometric parameters in this university population. However, the high incidence of infections highlights the importance of promoting the consumption of safe food and ensuring timely diagnosis and treatment.
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Loaiza Martinez, Daniela

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