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Evaluation of Business Maturity in Entrepreneurs from Cotopaxi: Study Areas Latacunga, Salcedo, La Maná, Pujilí – A Practical Application of the Nexus 4d Tool

2025 , Silvia Noroña Gallo , Viviana Cajas , Sánchez Montero, Ivanna Karina , Borja Galeas, Carlos , Pamela Silva , Joline Jaraiseh Abcarius

This study analyzes the business maturity of 33 entrepreneurs from Cotopaxi, province of Ecuador, evaluated using the Nexus 4D tool. These entrepreneurs are linked to an Impulsa foundation created under the ministerial agreement MIES-CZ-3-DDL-2019–3588-M, whose mission is to promote sustainable development, strengthen cooperative practices and promote the formalization of businesses in Ecuador. The assessment covered ten key categories, highlighting strengths in resilience, product/service development, legal compliance and social responsibility. However, technology scored the lowest, reflecting limitations in access, skills, and trend adoption. Intermediate areas such as finance, logistics and branding also show challenges related to transportation, marketing strategies and financial management. These results highlight the need for interventions focused on reducing technological gaps and optimizing business management, while taking advantage of existing strengths. This analysis offers a comprehensive vision of the opportunities and challenges faced by entrepreneurs, contributing to the strengthening of the business fabric and sustainable economic growth in the region.

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The Fractional Brownian Model, Applied in the Credit Placement of the Popular and Solidarity Financial Sector

2023 , Sánchez Montero, Ivanna Karina , Tipán, Diego

Previous studies have extensively explored the application of Fractional Brownian Motion in the financial systems of countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using Fractional Brownian Motion in credit placement within the popular and solidarity financial sector, specifically in the Savings and Credit Cooperatives of segment 1.A comprehensive analysis was conducted on historical credit placement data from this sector over time, and the Fractional Brownian Motion model was implemented to simulate placement patterns. Several parameters, such as the Hurst exponent, were estimated. The results showed that the application of Fractional Brownian Motion in credit placement within the popular and solidarity financial sector improved the accuracy of credit risk assessment. It revealed long-term dependence patterns and captured the inherent dynamics of the sector. The model demonstrated higher predictive power and better portfolio risk management capabilities compared to conventional methods. The findings suggest that Fractional Brownian Motion is a valuable tool for credit placement analysis, as well as for improving credit risk assessment and portfolio management dynamics. Implementing this model can lead to more accurate credit decisions, fostering the country's economic development. © 2023 IEEE.

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An Empathetic Design Approach to Digital Transformation from Legacies Web

2026 , Viviana Cajas , Matias Urbieta , Sánchez Montero, Ivanna Karina , Paulina Ponce-Villacís , Patricio Morejón-Hidalgo , José Hidalgo-Granja

Software Systems are designed to run on specific devices but eventually, a new one arises that may not be apt to run the system. Time ago, Web apps were intended mostly for desktop devices; then the arrival of the mobile devices required to revisit UI layouts, and later Smart devices allowed a more sophisticated user experience. During the development process, there was no clear definition of the technology adoption roadmap that affects the access from new devices like Smart TVs or Smart Watches. As long as time goes by, applications become legacy because of many reasons like lack of maintenance or the advancement of new incompatible devices. This study’s main contribution to these limitations is an empathetic approach to assist this migration of legacy apps to new devices based on Markov chains that are a predictive user behavior method. Available functionality is prioritized, the experience of User Interface is re-thought, and the new experience is designed. We report the experience of applying the approach to a legacy app with an experiment performed by fifteen participants. The outcome highlights that a dynamic user interface based on the Markov model provides improved usability metrics of the ISO for the users, evidenced in the productivity labor, Fitt’s and Hick’s laws, the efficiency, the effectiveness, and satisfaction through comparison between versions. This work suggests this model makes possible a smart and proactive interface design plus the age and interests responsive web contributing to the economy of context