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    Defect Reduction in Textile Manufacturing: A Review
    (2025)
    Ángeles Solís-Solís
    ;
    Sebastián Villacís-Capuz
    ;
    Marco Centeno-Alarcón
    ;
    Avilés-Castillo, Fátima  
    ;
    Buele, Jorge  
    The textile industry faces continuous challenges in reducing defects during manufacturing, as quality inconsistencies can lead to financial losses, reduced efficiency, and diminished consumer confidence. Addressing this issue requires a combination of methodological and technological approaches that optimize production while minimizing waste. This review examines various strategies for defect reduction, focusing on process improvement methodologies, predictive technologies, and sustainable practices. A systematic analysis of 12 studies highlights the effectiveness of structured quality management approaches in identifying and eliminating defect sources. Additionally, predictive models based on artificial intelligence have demonstrated significant potential in real-time defect detection and prevention, improving overall product quality. However, challenges such as machinery rigidity and the high variability of textile products complicate the implementation of these strategies. Sustainable manufacturing practices and specialized workforce training have also been identified as key factors in enhancing defect management, as they contribute to resource conservation, waste reduction, and improved working conditions. The findings suggest that a comprehensive approach, integrating advanced process optimization techniques, predictive analytics, and sustainable production methods, is essential for improving efficiency and quality in textile manufacturing. This integration not only reduces defects but also strengthens competitiveness in an industry increasingly driven by quality, sustainability, and technological innovation. The OSF registration can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NAMWY. © 2025 IEEE.
      14
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    Jurisprudence on sustainable development in Ecuador: an analysis of judicial rulings and environmental challenges
    (2024)
    Saltos-Hidalgo, Tatiana  
    ;
    Albuja Urvina, María Gabriela  
    ;
    Alex Fabián Mejía-Sandoval
    ;
    Anthony Gaon-Cajamarca
    Sustainable development in Ecuador faces a significant challenge due to the lack of jurisprudence that integrates sustainability principles into judicial decisions, compounded by the prevalence of environmental conflicts and the absence of specific studies. This study aimed to analyze how Ecuadorian courts applied these principles in their rulings on protective actions resolved in the Northern Judicial Complex of Quito, to identify decision-making patterns and potential cognitive biases in the adjudication process. The analysis adopts both a quantitative and qualitative approach to 1,020 cases resolved in 2023. The systematic review considers the legal and environmental context, as well as a detailed examination of judicial rulings to assess the application of sustainable development principles. Cases were classified based on the dimensions of sustainable development to which the violated rights were linked. The results indicated that a total of 156 accepted cases directly declared the violation of economic, social, cultural, and environmental rights, with 1 case indirectly involving environmental protection. This represents 15.29% of the total reviewed cases and 56.32% of the accepted cases. Of the total, 98.72% were linked to the economic and social dimension, while only 1.28% corresponded to the environmental dimension of sustainable development. Ecuadorian courts demonstrate a low level of integration of sustainability dimensions in their rulings, hindering the progress of sustainable development in the country. The ambiguity in defining these principles increases judicial discretion and the likelihood of biases in decisions. Therefore, a more systematic approach and ongoing training are needed to help judges avoid biases in their rulings
      27
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    Impact of different types of rennet on sustainability and safety in cheese production
    (2024)
    Buele, Jorge  
    ;
    Michael Villafuerte
    ;
    Steven Paucar
    ;
    Lara Calle, Andrés  
    Cheese production, an ancient technique that has endured through the centuries, has evolved to incorporate a variety of coagulants, each with specific characteristics and applications. However, the industry now faces a sustainabilityrelated challenge: the need to find ethical and efficient alternatives to calf rennet, as its use raises significant environmental concerns, as well as ethical and occupational health issues due to exposure to contaminants in the production environment. This study explores how different types of rennets (animal, vegetable, microbial, and recombinant) can contribute to a more sustainable, productive, and safer cheese production, adapting to the growing market demands for environmentally respectful practices. Through a methodology that included a literature review, the characteristics of these rennets and their effect on the organoleptic, microbiological, and productivity aspects of cheese production were identified and compared. The results indicated that, although calf rennet remains preferred for its coagulating properties, vegetable and microbial alternatives are gaining ground due to their adaptability, efficiency, and lower environmental impact. This diversification of rennet sources not only meets ethical, commercial, and food security demands but also affects the income of small producers by enabling more sustainable practices. However, more empirical research is needed to optimize these processes across different production contexts and enhance both productivity and sustainability.
      29
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    Advancing University Education: Exploring the Benefits of Education for Sustainable Development
    (2024)
    Diego Bonilla-Jurado
    ;
    Ember Zumba
    ;
    Araceli Lucio-Quintana
    ;
    Carlos Yerbabuena-Torres
    ;
    Andrea Ramírez-Casco
    This article addresses the integration of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in higher education institutions, exploring its effects on academic performance and students’ ability to address sustainability challenges. Using the PRISMA 2020 methodology for a systematic literature review, 50 relevant articles were selected from 543 records, providing data on the academic impacts of ESD through bibliometric approaches and surveys. The results revealed that ESD improves academic performance, motivation and engagement, as well as enhances students’ ability to solve complex problems sustainably. However, significant barriers, such as a lack of resources and adequate teacher training, hinder effective implementation. Approximately 60% of students in ESD programs show greater motivation and analytical abilities compared to 50% in traditional programs. ESD enriches academic training and equips students with essential practical skills, preparing them to be agents of positive change. Incorporating emerging technologies and participatory learning methods is crucial to enhancing ESD effectiveness. Greater investment in teacher training and standardized educational materials, along with the promotion of international collaboration to share resources and best practices, is required.
      17