This article addresses the integration of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in higher education institutions, exploring its effects on academic performance and students’ ability to address sustainability challenges. Using the PRISMA 2020 methodology for a systematic literature review, 50 relevant articles were selected from 543 records, providing data on the academic impacts of ESD through bibliometric approaches and surveys. The results revealed that ESD improves academic performance, motivation and engagement, as well as enhances students’ ability to solve complex problems sustainably. However, significant barriers, such as a lack of resources and adequate teacher training, hinder effective implementation. Approximately 60% of students in ESD programs show greater motivation and analytical abilities compared to 50% in traditional programs. ESD enriches academic training and equips students with essential practical skills, preparing them to be agents of positive change. Incorporating emerging technologies and participatory learning methods is crucial to enhancing ESD effectiveness. Greater investment in teacher training and standardized educational materials, along with the promotion of international collaboration to share resources and best practices, is required.
