CRIS

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://cris-udd.scimago.es/handle/123456789/1

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 30

Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Genetic Ancestry and Population Structure Across Ecuador
(2026)
González Andrade, Fabricio
Background: Ecuador is a genetically diverse population setting shaped by long-term interactions among Native American, European, and African populations across distinct ecological regions. Although multiple studies have examined ancestry patterns in Ecuadorian populations, the available evidence remains fragmented and methodologically heterogeneous. Objective: To systematically identify, critically appraise, and synthesize published studies on genetic ancestry and population structure in Ecuador. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, SciELO, and Google Scholar through 31 January 2026. Eligible studies reported extractable ancestry-related data from Ecuadorian populations using autosomal, mitochondrial DNA, Y-chromosomal, or other ancestry-relevant genetic markers. Methodological quality was assessed using an adapted Joanna Briggs Institute framework. Owing to substantial heterogeneity across marker systems, sampling strategies, and ancestry inference methods, findings were synthesized qualitatively rather than by meta-analysis. Results: Of 1243 records identified, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Across marker systems, the evidence consistently supported a three-way admixture framework involving Native American, European, and African ancestry components, together with substantial regional and population-specific heterogeneity. Autosomal studies generally showed higher Native American ancestry in Highland and Native American populations, whereas African ancestry was more prominent in Afro-Ecuadorian and some Coastal populations. Uniparental markers further supported persistent sex-biased admixture, with predominant Native American maternal lineages and comparatively greater European or African paternal contributions depending on region and population history. Conclusions: Ecuadorian populations share a broad three-way admixture framework, but with marked internal heterogeneity across regions and population groups. These findings highlight the importance of geographic and demographic context in ancestry interpretation and the need for larger, more balanced, and methodologically standardized genomic studies in Ecuador.
1
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Maternal and neonatal outcomes among adolescent mothers in a high-risk NICU population in Ecuador
(2026)
Mónica Sánchez-Moreira
;
González Andrade, Fabricio
Background: Adolescent pregnancy remains a public health concern in Ecuador, particularly among socially vulnerable populations. Evidence from high-risk neonatal settings suggests that adverse neonatal outcomes associated with adolescent pregnancy may be strongly influenced by structural and healthcare-related factors rather than maternal age alone. However, data from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in low- and middle-income countries remain limited. Objective: To compare maternal characteristics, obstetric practices, and neonatal outcomes between adolescent and adult mothers in a high-risk NICU population in Ecuador, stratified by term (37–41 weeks) and preterm (< 37 weeks) births, and to identify clinical predictors of neonatal distress. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using medical records from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Pablo Arturo Suárez General Hospital (Quito, Ecuador) between 2018 and 2021. The study included 288 neonates admitted with prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal risk factors for pulmonary hypertension. Four groups were analyzed: term and preterm neonates born to adolescent mothers and to adult mothers (n = 72 per group). Neonatal distress was operationally defined by adverse early clinical indicators, including low APGAR score, low birth weight for gestational age, and the presence and severity of pulmonary hypertension. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of neonatal distress. Results: Adolescent mothers had significantly lower educational attainment, lower socioeconomic status, and fewer prenatal care visits compared with adult mothers (p < 0.001). Cesarean section rates were markedly higher among preterm adolescent pregnancies (91.7% vs. 25.0% in adults). Neonatal outcomes differed across groups: among term births, only 26.4% of infants born to adolescent mothers had normal APGAR scores compared with 75.0% among adults (p < 0.001), and low birth weight was more frequent (65.3% vs. 25.0%). In multivariate analyses, low birth weight and moderate-to-severe pulmonary hypertension were the strongest independent predictors of neonatal distress, whereas maternal age showed no direct effect after adjustment. Conclusions: In this high-risk NICU population, adolescent mothers experienced greater socioeconomic disadvantage, inadequate prenatal care, and higher rates of obstetric intervention, which were associated with poorer neonatal indicators. Adverse outcomes were primarily driven by clinical and structural factors—particularly low birth weight and pulmonary hypertension—rather than maternal age itself. These findings highlight the need for targeted improvements in prenatal care and social support for adolescent mothers within high-risk clinical settings. © The Author(s) 2026.
7
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Digital Marketing Strategies for the Growth and Sustainability of Social Enterprises in Ecuador
(2026)
Álvarez Sánchez, Ana
;
Sigcha Onofre , Adriana Carolina
This study analyzes the influence of digital marketing strategies on the growth and sustainability of social enterprises in Ecuador, focusing on variables such as increased sales, social outreach, and customer loyalty. A mixed-method approach was used, with a descriptive-correlational design, applied to a sample of 100 active enterprises during 2022–2023 that have a social or environmental impact and use digital tools. Data collection included surveys, interviews, and document review, analyzed using statistical software and thematic coding. Facebook (88%), Instagram (79%), and WhatsApp Business (67%) are the most used platforms, while TikTok and websites show lower adoption. About 58% publish at least three times per week, although some maintain irregular activity, affecting reach and customer retention. The most common strategies are educational posts, testimonials, and storytelling, with a focus on organic content due to budget limitations; only 21% use paid advertising. Around 62% reported an increase in sales, and 55% reported a geographical expansion of their audience. A positive correlation was confirmed (r = 0.59, p < 0.01) between digital planning and performance. Only 18% feel fully digitally skilled, and 61% require training. The main barriers include lack of time, financial constraints, and connectivity issues, particularly in rural areas. Additionally, there is a need to improve technical support and tailor digital strategies to maximize results. In conclusion, digital marketing is an effective tool to boost social enterprises in Ecuador, but strengthening digital capabilities and improving technological access through public policies and training is essential. Longitudinal studies are recommended to assess long-term impact and to promote multisectoral alliances that support digital inclusion. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.
11
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Optimization of Working Capital for Financial Sustainability in Manufacturing Companies: A Statistical Model
(2026)
Morales Ramos, Karla
;
Edison Roberto Valencia-Nuñez
;
Josselyn Paredes-León
;
Freddy Armijos-Arcos
Working capital management plays a critical role in ensuring business liquidity and financial sustainability. However, few studies in developing economies have employed multivariate statistical techniques to optimize working capital decisions. This study addresses this gap by applying discriminant analysis to classify Ecuadorian manufacturing firms according to their financial sustainability and business continuity. Methods: A quantitative approach was applied to a sample of 112 manufacturing companies located in Zone 3 of Ecuador, covering the 2017–2020 period. The model incorporated working capital indicators and the Z-Score index as independent variables, while company size served as the categorical dependent variable. Results: The discriminant function retained two significant predictors—Working Capital (2019) and Z-Score (2017)—with an eigenvalue of 0.191, a canonical correlation of 0.400, and an overall classification accuracy of 71.4%. Box’s M test (p = 0.000) indicated unequal covariance matrices, suggesting cautious interpretation but acceptable robustness of the model. Conclusions: This study concludes that working capital and Z-Score are effective indicators for assessing financial sustainability and predicting firm continuity. The findings provide practical insights for managers and policymakers to enhance financial efficiency and resource allocation. The originality of this work lies in the application of discriminant analysis to model financial sustainability in Ecuador’s manufacturing sector, offering a statistical foundation for future optimization models.
1
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Green Marketing in the Circular Economy Applied to the Consumption of Electrical and Electronic Equipment
(2026)
Morales Molina, Tania
The aim of the study is to identify the factors that explain attitudes and behaviours towards green marketing and the circular economy in the consumption of electrical and electronic equipment. The methodological approach was carried out through bibliographic, documentary and field research. Likewise, 386 surveys were collected from the Economically Active Population in the province of Tungurahua, Ecuador. The survey was structured to measure aspects such as consumer environmental awareness, understanding of electrical and electronic equipment, and support for regulations and incentives for repair. The data was processed through statistical method factor analysis. Regarding the findings, it should be mentioned that there are three factors that evidence the environmental awareness of the consumer for the support of circular practices. In short, the importance of effective green marketing and policies that promote responsible consumption of electrical and electronic equipment is highlighted. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.
5
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Digital Communication in Universities: Age and Gender in Student Engagement
(2026)
Morales Molina, Tania
The objective of this research is to analyze the influence of gender and age on the consumption and perception of university digital media, from a methodological perspective, field research was carried out with the application of structured questionnaires to a sample of students from a public university in Ecuador. The data were subjected to Spearman correlation tests to identify the association between the variables studied. The results suggest that variables such as age and gender show significant differences in relation to the type of content they prefer to consume and the frequency with which they consult social networks. In summary, universities must outline communication strategies to achieve greater acceptance and informative reach by students. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.
5
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Microplastics in Two Tropical Andean Lakes: Contrasting Human-Impacted and Minimally Disturbed Watersheds
(2026)
Andrés Arévalo-Moreno
;
Silvana Gallegos-Sánchez
;
Kevin Valencia
;
Tobes, Ibon
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants in freshwater systems, yet their sources and transport pathways in tropical high-altitude lakes remain poorly understood. This study quantified and characterized MPs in two Andean lakes in Ecuador with contrasting watershed conditions: San Pablo (2672 m a.s.l.), influenced by agricultural and urban land use, and Caricocha (3724 m a.s.l.), a protected high-Andean lake. Sixteen samples per lake were collected during four field campaigns. MPs were identified using visual and morphological criteria, and classified by shape, color, and size. MP concentrations were higher in San Pablo (238 ± 32 MP m−3, mean ± SD) than in Caricocha (32 ± 10 MP m−3). Fibers dominated (87.3%), followed by fragments, while microspheres were detected only in Caricocha. MP concentrations showed positive correlations with urban-agricultural land use (ρ = 0.87, p < 0.0001) and negative correlations with natural vegetation cover (ρ = −0.87, p < 0.0001). Principal Component Analysis linked fiber abundance and small size classes (<500 µm) and anthropogenic land use, consistent with surface runoff and wastewater-associated pathways. In contrast, MPs in the protected lake may originate from long-range atmospheric deposition. These results indicate that watershed configuration and protection status shape MP inputs in high-Andean lakes.
5
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Diversidad de los géneros Monactinus, Pediastrum, Pseudopediastrum y Stauridium (Chlorophyta: Hydrodictyaceae), de dos lagunas eutróficas andino-ecuatorianas
(2025)
Andrés Arévalo Moreno
;
Mabel F. Cadena
Se investigó la diversidad de los géneros Monactinus, Pediastrum, Pseudopediastrum y Stauridium en dos lagos eutróficos de alta montaña en los Andes ecuatorianos: San Pablo y Yahuarcocha, a fin de aportar al conocimiento de la ficoflora local. Estas algas verdes, pertenecientes a la familia Hydrodictyaceae, presentan variedad en cuanto a forma y tamaño; además pueden ser utilizadas como bioindicadores de la calidad del agua y revelar variaciones de temperatura. Las muestras se recolectaron entre noviembre de 2023 y enero de 2024, mediante arrastres con red de plancton de 24 µm de abertura de poro en la zona limnética y raspado de raíces de plantas acuáticas en zonas litorales. Las muestras fueron preservadas con solución de Transeau. Se identificaron once especies, de los cuales cinco fueron exclusivas de la Laguna de Yahuarcocha, cuatro del Lago San Pablo y dos se encontraron en ambos cuerpos de agua. Este estudio amplía el conocimiento de la ficoflora andina ecuatoriana, superando registros previos en el país. Se reportan siete nuevos registros: Monactinus simplex var. duodenarium, M. simplex var. echinulatum, M. simplex var. sturmii, Pseudopediastrum boryanum var. longicorne, Ps. brevicorne, Stauridium tetras var. apiculatum y S. tetras var. excisum. Esta contribución resalta la importancia de continuar y ampliar los estudios taxonómicos de la ficoflora del Ecuador.
10
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Ecuador genetic mosaic: biological and adaptive variations across Mestizos, Native Amerindians, and Afro-Ecuadorians. Implications for public health and precision medicine
(2025)
González Andrade, Fabricio
Introduction: Understanding human biological diversity is fundamental to improving health and addressing inequities, yet most genomic and biomedical studies remain focused on European and Asian populations. Latin American groups—particularly mestizos, Native Amerindians, and Afro-descendants—are underrepresented, limiting the applicability of global findings. Ecuador, with its tri-hybrid ancestry shaped by Amerindian, European, and African lineages, provides a valuable model to explore how genetic, environmental, and sociocultural factors jointly influence adaptation and disease. Objective: To synthesize and critically evaluate evidence on biological and adaptive variation among Ecuadorian populations, emphasizing methodological transparency, representational equity, and implications for public health and precision medicine. Methods: A narrative review of studies published between 2007 and 2024 was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eligible works reported empirical data on genetics, immunogenetics, pharmacogenomics, adaptive physiology, or epidemiology among Mestizos, Native Amerindians, and Afro-Ecuadorians. Results: Evidence supports a tri-hybrid ancestry structure: mestizos show predominantly Amerindian autosomal ancestry with European paternal input; Afro-Ecuadorians retain African heritage with notable Amerindian admixture; and Native Amerindians preserve distinctive lineages and HLA profiles. Well-documented adaptations include altitude tolerance in Andean groups, persistence of the sickle cell trait in Afro-Ecuadorians, and variation in vitamin D status and lactase persistence. Pharmacogenomic differences in CYP2D6, DPYD, and TPMT demonstrate clinical relevance but remain based on small, localized samples. Conclusion: Ecuadorian populations illustrate how genetic diversity intersects with environment and inequity. Strengthening representativeness, ethical engagement, and translation of genomic evidence into policy are essential to advance equitable precision medicine in Latin America. Copyright © 2025 González-Andrade.
13
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Monitoring Air Pollutants in Industrial Settings: a Study in Tungurahua, Ecuador
(2025)
Lara Calle, Andrés
;
Jhonathan Espinoza-Tenemaza
;
Buele, Jorge
Air quality in work environments is essential for workers’ health, particularly in industrial sectors where processes emit hazardous pollutants. This study, conducted in the province of Tungurahua, Ecuador, assessed air quality across various industrial companies using an IoT device to measure suspended particles (PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10) and other pollutants such as CO2, formaldehyde, and total volatile organic compounds. The goal was to identify variations in pollutant concentrations and evaluate associated health risks. Air quality measurements were conducted using an IoT-based device designed to detect real-time levels of particulate matter and other pollutants. The study focused on different industrial sectors, including plastics production, wood processing, agricultural machinery, car dealerships, and industrial laundries, to provide a comprehensive overview of workplace air quality. The study found that companies involved in plastics, wood, and agricultural machinery production exhibited high levels of particulate matter, with PM1.0 concentrations between 1000 and 2000 μg/m3 and spikes in PM2.5 and PM10 exceeding permissible limits, posing health risks to workers. In contrast, car dealerships and industrial laundries showed significantly lower pollutant levels, suggesting more effective emissions control measures. These findings highlight the need for continuous air quality monitoring and stricter emissions control in high-pollution sectors to safeguard workers’ health. The study also provides a foundation for future research, which should expand to include other sectors and regions in Latin America, where strict air quality regulations in work environments are often lacking.
17

CRIS

Browse

Filters

Settings

Sort By

Results per page

Search Results