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Advertisement and combat calls of the glass frog Centrolene lynchi (Anura: Centrolenidae), with notes on combat and reproductive behaviors
(2011)
Dautel N.
;
Maldonado A.L.S.
;
Abuza R.
;
Imba H.
;
Griffin K.
We describe the advertisement and combat calls, combat behavior, and reproductive behavior of the glass frog Centrolene lynchi, an endemic species of the cloud forests of Ecuador. The typical advertisement call consists of a tonal note and 1-3 peaked notes, each with 1-3 pulses. Variations on this advertisement call include the addition of a short note before the tonal note, as well as the absence of the tonal note. These modifications may be similar to the described call modifications of other anurans in response to the presence of conspecific females and males, potential predators and/or changes in the sound environment. Additionally, we describe the combat call emitted during previously undescribed venter-toventer combat between males. The discovery of this combat behavior is consistent with the hypothesis that venter-to-venter combat behavior is a shared derived trait of the subfamily Centroleninae. Finally, we describe male reproductive habits and development of the species, including egg attendance by males and implied male parental care. © 2011 Departamento de Ciências Biológicas.
Scopus© Citations 40 49
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A new frog of the genus Pristimantis (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the high Andes of Southeastern Ecuador, discovered using morphological and molecular data
(2011)
Arteaga-Navarro A.F.
;
Guayasamin, Juan M.
We describe a new small sized (SVL in females ≤ 25.7 mm; in males, ≤20.1 mm) Pristimantis, associated with bamboodominated forests in the Reserva Mazar, Andes of Southeastern Ecuador, at elevations between 2876-2989 m. This species is assigned to the P. orestes group, from whose members it differs by the absence of tubercles on heel and outer edge of tarsus, lacking a discoidal fold, presence of slightly expanded finger and toe pads, and bright yellow blotches on groi , axilla and anterior surfaces of thigh. The advertisement call of the new species consists of a series of short, indistinctly pulsed notes, and has a dominant frequency of 2.50-2.56 kHz. A molecular phylogeny based on a fragment of the mitochondrial gene 12S shows that the new species is sister to a clade formed by Pristimantis simonbolivari and an undescribed Pristimantis. © 2011 Magnolia Press.
Scopus© Citations 17 38
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A revision of species diversity in the neotropical genus Oreobates (Anura: Strabomantidae), with the description of three new species from the amazonian slopes of the andes
(2012)
Padial J.M.
;
Chaparro J.C.
;
Castroviejo-Fisher S.
;
Guayasamin, Juan M.
;
Lehr E.
We revisit species diversity within Oreobates (Anura: Strabomantidae) by combining molecular phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA amphibian barcode fragment with the study of the external morphology of living and preserved specimens. Molecular and morphological evidence support the existence of 23 species within Oreobates, and three additional candidate species (Oreobates sp. [Ca JF809995], Oreobates sp. [Ca EU368903], Oreobates cruralis [Ca EU192295]). We describe and name three new species from the Andean humid montane forests of Departamento Cusco, southern Peru: O. amarakaeri New Species from Río Nusinuscato and Río Mabe, at elevations ranging from 670 to 1000 m in the Andean foothills; O. machiguenga, new species, from Río Kimbiri (1350 m), a small tributary of the Apurimac River, in the western versant of Cordillera Vilcabamba; and O. gemcare, new species, from the Kosipata Valley at elevations ranging from 2400 to 2800 m. The three new species are readily distinguished from all other Oreobates by at least one qualitative morphological character. Three species are transferred to Oreobates from three genera of Strabomantidae: Hypodactylus lundbergi Pristimantis crepitans, and Phrynopus ayacucho (for which the advertisement call, coloration in life, and male characteristics are described for first time). Oreobates simmonsi is transferred to the genus Lynchius. Hylodes verrucosus is considered a junior synonym of Hylodes philippi. In addition, H. philippi is removed from the synonymy of O. quixensis and considered a nomem dubium within Hypodactylus. The inclusion of Phrynopus ayacucho in Oreobates extends the ecological range of the genus to the cold Andean puna. Oreobates is thus distributed from the Amazonian lowlands in southern Colombia to northern Argentina, reaching the Brazilian Atlantic dry forests in eastern Brazil, across an altitudinal range from ca. 100 to 3850 m. © American Museum of Natural History 2012.
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A new species of Andean toad (Bufonidae, Osornophryne) discovered using molecular and morphological data, with a taxonomic key for the genus
(2011)
Páez-Moscoso D.J.
;
Guayasamin, Juan M.
;
Yánez-Muñoz M.
Combining a molecular phylogeny and morphological data, we discovered a new species of Osornophryne from the Amazonian slope of the Ecuadorian Andes. Morphologically, the new taxon is distinguished from all others species in Osornophryne by having the Toes IV and V longer than Toes I-III, a short and rounded snout with a small rostral papilla, and conical pustules on flanks. The new species previously was confused with O. guacamayo. A taxonomic key is provided for all known species of Osornophryne. © Diego J. Páez-Moscoso et al.
Scopus© Citations 13 29
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A new minute Andean Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Venezuela
(2012)
Barrio-Amorós C.L.
;
Guayasamin, Juan M.
;
Hedges S.B.
A new species of Pristimantis is described from the Venezuelan Andes. The new species is the smallest in its genus known in Venezuela and belongs to the Pristimantis unistrigatus Group. It differs from the rest of Venezuelan Andean congeners in body size (mean male SVL < 21.3 mm, female SVL < 26.3 mm), expanded discs on fingers and toes, absence of dorsolateral folds, and a distinctive call consisting in 2-5 cricket-like short notes. The new species inhabits the southwestern part of the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuela and the Venezuelan side of the Cordillera Oriental de Colombia, and could be present on the Colombian portion of the cordillera as well. © 2012 Departamento de Ciências Biológicas.
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A second species of the family allophrynidae (Amphibia: Anura)
(2012)
Castroviejo-Fisher S.
;
Prez-Pea P.E.
;
Padial J.M.
;
Guayasamin, Juan M.
We describe Allophryne resplendens, a new species from two localities in the Amazon rainforest of Loreto, Peru, of the family Allophrynidae, which was monotypic until this discovery. The new species can be readily differentiated from Allophryne ruthveni on the basis of dorsal and ventral coloration both in life and in preservative, transverse processes of presacral II oriented anterolaterally (oriented laterally in A. ruthveni), 19 nucleotide autapomorphies for 761 base pairs (bp) of the mitochondrial gene 16S, and 16 for 923 bp of 12S. Maximum parsimony analysis of the mitochondrial gene 12S and a fragment of up to 1060 bp of 16S supports the new species as sister to A. ruthveni. Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 2012.
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A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador
(2012)
Hutter C.R.
;
Guayasamin, Juan M.
We describe a new species of Nymphargus from Reserva Las Gralarias, in the montane forests of the Pacific versant of the Andes of Ecuador. The new species, Nymphargus lasgralarias sp. nov., is nearly morphologically identical to sym-patric Nymphargus griffithsi (Goin 1961), with the exception of the following characters: (i) a gold colored iris with nu-merous small spots and lighter reticulation, (ii) absence of dark dorsal spotting, and (iii) a significantly larger body size. Additionally, we describe the vocalizations for N. griffithsi and N. lasgralarias. The call of N. lasgralarias sp. nov. is eas-ily distinguished from N. griffithsi through the following temporal and spectral characteristics: (i) calls are emitted in se-ries, (ii) waveform shape is always pulsed, (iii) significantly shorter call duration, and (iv) lower dominant frequency. Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press.
Scopus© Citations 32 18
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Molecular phylogenetics of stream treefrogs of the Hyloscirtus larinopygion group (Anura: Hylidae), and description of two new species from Ecuador
(2012)
Coloma L.A.
;
Carvajal-Endara S.
;
Dueñas J.F.
;
Paredes-Recalde A.
;
Morales-Mite M.
We review the systematics of frogs of the Hyloscirtus larinopygion group. A new phylogenetic tree inferred from mitochondrial DNA (partial sequences of 12S rRNA, valine-tRNA, and 16S rRNA genes; ∼2.3 kb) of eleven species of the H. larinopygion group is provided, based on maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analyses. Our phylogeny confirms the close relationship of members of the H. larinopygion group with Andean relatives of the H. armatus group, which also occurs in the Andes. Hyloscirtus tapichalaca is placed as sister species to the rest of the H. larinopygion group, in which two clades (A+B) are evident. Although ingroup relationships are well supported, the monophyly of the H. larinopygion group and placement of H. tapichalaca require additional testing. Genetic divergences among species of the H. larinopygion group are shallow compared to those observed in many other anurans, with genetic distance among sister species (H. princecharlesi and H. ptychodactylus) as low as 1.31%. However, this pattern is concordant with radiations in other highland Andean lineages of anurans that show marked morphological or behavioral differentiation, but low divergence in mitochondrial markers. Divergence-time analyses (using BEAST) indicate that the Hyloscirtus clade is a relatively ancient lineage that appeared in the Eocene, at a minimum age of 51.2 million years ago (MYA), while the H. larinopygion group originated in the Middle-Late Eocene at a minimum age of 40.9 MYA. Our results might suggest a rapid radiation of Hyloscirtus starting in the Miocene into the Pliocene, from at least 14.2 MYA to the most recent divergence between sister taxa at ∼2.6 MYA. We also describe two sympatric new species of Hyloscirtus from northwestern Ecuador: H. criptico sp. nov. and H. princecharlesi sp. nov. We diagnose them by their phylogenetic position (they are not sister to each other), genetic divergence, and a unique combination of color patterns, and other morphological features. Additionally, we describe the suctorial tadpoles and the extreme ontogenic color changes in H. larinopygion, H. lindae, H. pantostictus, H. princecharlesi, H. psarolaimus, and H. tigrinus. Furthermore, we describe the osteology of H. criptico, H. lindae, H. pacha, H. pantostictus, H. princecharlesi, H. psarolaimus, H. ptychodactylus, and H. staufferorum. We describe vocalizations of H. lindae, H. pacha, H. pantostictus, H. pasarolaimus, H. staufferorum, and H. tapichalaca. Hyloscirtus tigrinus is recorded for the first time in Ecuador and its range is extended 62.4 km (airline distance), from its southernmost locality record in Departamento de Nariño, Colombia. Most species of the H. larinopygion group are currently severely threatened by extinction, after surviving the catastrophic extinctions in the 1980s and 1990s that led to the disappearance of many other sympatric anurans that bred in swiftly flowing water and had lotic water tadpoles in the Andean highlands. Research and conservation actions are urgently needed for these species. In order to better call attention to these conservation issues, we name one of the new species in honor of Prince Charles of Wa l e s, who is contributing significantly to the growth of awareness in the battle against tropical deforestation, climate change, and the catastrophic extinction of rainforest amphibians. Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press.
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A new, high-elevation glassfrog (Anura: Centrolenidae) from Manu National Park, southern Peru
(2012)
Catenazzi A.
;
Von May R.
;
Lehr E.
;
Gagliardi-Urrutia G.
;
Guayasamin, Juan M.
We describe a new species of glassfrog from the cloud forest of Manu National Park, southern Peru, at elevations of 2750-2800 m. The new species is similar in morphology to Centrolene lemniscatum, which occurs in northern Peru at elevations of 2000-2280 m. Both species have white labial stripes, humeral spines, and lack vomerine teeth. The new species differs from C. lemniscatum by its larger size, labial stripe extending into a distinct lateral stripe instead of a discontinuous lateral stripe, snout profile inclined anteroventrally instead of bluntly rounded, greater depression in the internarial area, and by having strongly protruding nostrils. Males of the new species emit long calls with 8-14 peaked notes, instead of a short tonal note in C. lemniscatum. Another morphologically similar species, C. buckleyi, has a short advertisement call composed of 1-5 notes, and is genetically distinct from the new species. This new Centrolene extends the known distribution of Centrolene to the south by 600 km, and is the southernmost species of this genus. Copyright © 2012. Magnolia Press.
Scopus© Citations 11 21
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A new species of the Pristimantis orestes group (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the high Andes of Ecuador, Reserva Mazar
(2013)
Guayasamin, Juan M.
;
Arteaga A.F.
We describe a new Pristimantis from La Libertad and Rumiloma, Reserva Mazar, Andes of Southeastern Ecuador, at elevations between 2895-3415 m. This species is assigned to the P. orestes group, from whose members it differs by its small body size (adult males = 18.1 mm; adult females = 23.7 mm), usually reticulated ventral pattern, and visible tympanum. The vocalization of the new species consists of a series of calls; each call is composed by a pulsed, nonmodulated note in frequency, and with a dominant frequency of 3122-3171 Hz. A molecular phylogeny based on a fragment of the mitochondrial gene 12S shows that the new species is sister to Pristimantis simonbolivari. © 2013 Magnolia Press.
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