In this study, a combined review of the technological elements that affect small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is conducted as a first step towards new automation proposals through a theoretical and bibliometric analysis. The bibliometric review identifies research trends, leading countries such as the United Kingdom and China, and influential authors who stand out in the adoption of technologies in SMEs. The data shows an exponential growth in publications over the last two decades, highlighting the topic’s relevance in academic research. The theoretical review delves into the implementation of technological tools such as knowledge management, information and communication technologies, and the digitalization of business models to enhance operational efficiency and competitiveness. The study highlights how automation, artificial intelligence, and supply chain management have improved company performance by optimizing resources and reducing costs. However, barriers such as limited access to financing and a lack of technological skills persist. It is determined that SMEs must adopt a culture of innovation and leverage international collaboration to integrate emerging technologies, improve sustainability, and compete effectively in an ever-changing global market
