Faz Tapia , Andrea Nicole

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Faz Tapia , Andrea Nicole
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Ambato

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    Mindfulness para reducir el craving en personas con adicciones: revisión sistemática
    (Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo Ecuador, 2026-03-10)
    Silva Cortez, María Augusta
    ;
    Faz Tapia , Andrea Nicole  
    El craving constituye un fenómeno central en los trastornos por uso de sustancias, actuando como predictor de recaída y perpetuando el ciclo adictivo. Las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness han emergido como estrategias prometedoras para su abordaje terapéutico. En este sentido, el objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática fue evaluar la eficacia de las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness en la reducción del craving en personas con trastornos por uso de sustancias, mediante el análisis de ensayos clínicos controlados publicados entre 2013 y 2025. Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo lineamientos PRISMA en Scopus, PubMed, Dialnet, Redalyc y Scielo. Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que aplicaran intervenciones mindfulness y midieran craving. La calidad metodológica se evaluó mediante la escala Jadad. De 81 estudios identificados, nueve cumplieron criterios de inclusión con puntuaciones Jadad entre tres y cinco. Los programas estructurados como MBRP y MORE mostraron reducciones significativas del craving, con efectos mediados por aceptación, conciencia y ausencia de juicio. La práctica sostenida moderó la relación craving-consumo. Las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness demuestran efectividad en la reducción del craving, aunque su impacto depende del formato y la adherencia a la práctica continuada.
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    CBT for Child Separation Anxiety in Structural Violence: A Two-Case Series With Follow-Up
    (SAGE Publications, 2026-09-19)
    Faz Tapia , Andrea Nicole  
    This case series presents two Ecuadorian children, an 8-year-old boy and a 12-year-old girl, diagnosed with separation anxiety disorder precipitated by events linked to the country’s structural violence crisis. Both received adapted cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) based on the Kendall model, but treatments were prematurely interrupted by systemic barriers derived from the violence itself: economic precarity in one case, occupational displacement in the other. Follow-up evaluations conducted 17-23 months post-interruption using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) revealed divergent trajectories. The boy, whose parents actively engaged as co-therapists, showed a 58% reduction in total anxiety scores, with separation anxiety dropping from 16/18 to 5/18. The girl, whose caregivers minimized her distress, showed a 32% reduction, but her generalized anxiety remained unchanged and the item “I worry that something bad will happen to someone in my family” persisted at maximum score, the same cognition she had identified during treatment as a thought that “cannot become a butterfly.” These findings illustrate a clinical dilemma for cognitive restructuring when children’s catastrophic cognitions reflect genuine environmental threats. © The Author(s) 2026
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    Vocational guidance and personality traits in adolescents: a systematic review of broad personality models and RIASEC associations with vocational outcomes
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2026-06-25)
    Faz Tapia , Andrea Nicole  
    ;
    Jaramillo-Cumbicus, Kayla
    ;
    Faz-Cevallos, Eduardo
    Background The associations between broad personality traits, as captured by the Big Five and related taxonomies and vocational outcomes (career maturity, career decision-making self-efficacy, vocational identity, vocational interests, and the congruence between RIASEC vocational personality and career aspirations) constitute an important field of inquiry for understanding adolescents' career development. Objective The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the available scientific evidence (2020-2025) on these associations in adolescents, and to examine, where reported, the congruence between RIASEC vocational personality profiles and career aspirations. Methods The review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Searches were conducted in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and ERIC) using three complementary search strings, in addition to a manual search. Inclusion criteria comprised: empirical studies of adolescents aged 12-18 years (or with a mean age within this range), published between 2020 and 2025 in English or Spanish, that explicitly examined associations between personality traits assessed under the Big Five model, the HEXACO model (which shares four broad factors with the Big Five), or Holland's RIASEC vocational interests model, and at least one vocational variable (career decision-making, vocational identity, vocational interests, career choice, or career maturity). From a total of 242 records identified, 14 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Results Conscientiousness and openness to experience are positive correlates of career maturity, career decision-making self-efficacy, and vocational identity in several, though not all, of the included studies; the strength and direction of the conscientiousness-outcome association varied across vocational outcomes and depended on which other predictors (e.g., RIASEC interests, self-efficacy) were modeled. Neuroticism (and its HEXACO counterpart, Emotionality) was consistently associated with greater decisional difficulties and lower vocational commitment. Studies that applied Holland's RIASEC model to assess vocational interests yielded mixed evidence on cross-cultural congruence: in the small number of studies available (one per cultural context), moderate congruence was observed in a collectivistic Asian sample, while low congruence was reported in a rural Latin American context. These context-specific patterns should be interpreted as preliminary, given that they rest on a single study per cultural setting. Discussion Significant gaps were identified in longitudinal studies, personality-based interventions, and evidence from Latin America. These findings underscore the value of integrating personality trait assessment into vocational guidance programs for adolescents, while acknowledging that the contribution of any single trait depends on contextual and outcome-specific factors. Systematic review registration: https://osf.io/zmdks , identifier 10.17605/OSF.IO/ZMDKS.