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Olalla, Verónica
Pedagogical Methodology and Inclusive Education
Inclusive education and psychological wellbeing: Support strategies for students in diverse settings
2025
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Olalla, Verónica
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Londoño Proaño, Cristián
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Mantilla, Mónica
Pedagogical methodologies in inclusive education are aimed at guaranteeing the right of all students to learn under equal conditions, recognizing and valuing diversity in the classroom. These methodologies are characterized by their flexibility, personalization, and student-centered approach. Among the most prominent are Universal Design for Learning (UDL), cooperative learning, multilevel teaching and project work, which allow content, processes and assessments to be adapted in different styles, rhythms and learning needs according to the needs of students. Therefore, these strategies promote participation, peer collaboration, and the development of cognitive and socio-emotional competencies. It is said that effective inclusion requires the teacher to act as a mediator, adjusting their practices according to the particularities and needs of the group with continuous training in attention to diversity. In addition, inclusive methodologies integrate technological tools, differentiated assessments and accessible materials to eliminate barriers in the development of learning and thus not only improve the academic performance of students with special educational needs, but also the classroom climate and the learning of the entire school community become different, thus consolidating a fairer education, equitable and quality.
2026
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Olalla, Verónica
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Yépez Moreno, Alba
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Núñez-Naranjo, Aracelly Fernanda
This study examines the relationship between inclusive education and psychological wellbeing, emphasizing pedagogical and institutional strategies that promote students’ active participation in diverse educational contexts. The purpose of the research is to analyze the main barriers affecting inclusion and emotional wellbeing in school settings and to identify support strategies with the greatest perceived impact on students’ engagement and retention. A qualitative, hermeneutic-interpretative approach was adopted, based on a documentary review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025. Peer-reviewed articles, policy documents, and institutional reports were selected from recognized databases such as Scopus, SciELO, ERIC, and IEEE Xplore. The analysis focused on inclusive education, psychological wellbeing, teacher training, socioemotional strategies, and educational policy. The results reveal that the most significant barriers to inclusive education are insufficient teacher training in inclusive and socioemotional practices (reported in 85% of the reviewed studies), the disconnect between pedagogical strategies and students’ psychological needs (78%), and the lack of adaptive educational resources (72%). Additionally, limited emotional support systems and weak institutional policies oriented toward wellbeing contribute to higher levels of demotivation and school dropout, particularly in vulnerable regions. Conversely, strategies such as Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) showed the highest perceived impact, with effectiveness scores of 4.6 and 4.4 out of 5, respectively. The study concludes that inclusive education cannot be achieved without systematically addressing students’ psychological wellbeing. Integrating socioemotional education, strengthening teacher training, and aligning public policies with inclusive and human-centered approaches are essential to fostering equitable, safe, and meaningful learning environments. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive educational models that connect pedagogical, emotional, and institutional dimensions.