Sarmiento Ortiz, Fabián
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Preferred name
Sarmiento Ortiz, Fabián
Main Affiliation
Quito
Email
fabiansarmiento@uti.edu.ec
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Scopus Author ID
57279194800

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Optimization of the Solvent Based Paint Manufacturing Process Through Automation and Quality Control to Meet Industry Standards

2025 , David Naranjo-Pullupaxi , Topon Visarrea, Blanca , Iza Llumigusin, Christian , Sarmiento Ortiz, Fabián , Pozo Espin, Israel

The paint manufacturing process requires compliance with the processes of filler preparation, dispersion, grinding, homogenization, packaging, and storage. According to NTE INEN 2094 “Paints - Synthetic alkyd enamels for domestic use” the viscosity of the paint should be between (75–80 KU) during the dispersion process, but in the company of our study 67% of the products did not meet this specification. Therefore, the main objective of this project is to improve the efficiency of the dispersion process through automation and agitation time control. A human-machine interface (HMI) was developed and an S7–1200 PLC and a KTP900 HMI screen were programmed using TIA Portal software. This system allowed precise control of agitation times during paint dispersion. The method focused on ensuring that the viscosity remained within the required limits, avoiding rework and production delays. The implementation of automation in the dispersion process led to a significant reduction of 29.03% of nonconforming product, resulting in a substantial decrease in process time, from 6.502 min to 3.719 min in total for the 18 dispersions evaluated. This improvement is mainly attributed to the decrease in the time required for reprocessing. This contributed to improving the efficiency and quality of the final product, meeting the required standards.

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Accurate Automation in Nutrient Solution Dosage for Pressurized Irrigation Systems

2025 , Sarmiento Ortiz, Fabián , Topon Visarrea, Blanca , Iza Llumigusin, Christian

pressurized irrigation systems, especially concerning electroconductivity (EC) and pH. In this context, data from field samples of a rose crop located in Tabacundo, Ecuador, and agronomic tables were compared to identify deviations in variables. It was observed that electroconductivity fluctuates irregularly between values of 1.3 mS and 2.7 mS, with the target value being 1.8 mS. In contrast, the pH exhibited values higher than the ideal 5.5. In response to this issue, an automated system with a graphical interface was developed to facilitate control of EC and pH values. This was achieved through PID control and automation using PLC+HMI, flow transmitter, flow sensor, and hydraulic elements comprising the pumping system. As a result, greater control was achieved through PID, reducing pH and EC errors to 3% compared to the desired values. Additionally, irrigation time was reduced by 50%. The implementation of the HMI-PLC interface facilitated agronomists’ human-computer interaction, emphasizing the importance of automatic control in agriculture, showcasing significant improvements in precision, efficiency, and ease of operation. The implemented system stands as an effective solution for optimizing nutrient management in irrigation systems, contributing to the healthy growth of crops, promising to simplify agricultural operations by providing farmers with more precise control and improved supervision in pressurized irrigation systems.

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Design of a load elevator as a measure to reduce ergonomic risks

2024 , Sarmiento Ortiz, Fabián , Topon Visarrea, Blanca , Iza Llumigusin, Christian , Joel Morales , Vecquer León

Manual handling of loads in work environments poses significant ergonomic risks, leading to musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. To address this, mechanical solutions are essential to optimize processes and ensure employees’ health and well-being. In this study utilized four methodologies: the Ergonomic Checklist, NIOSH Equation, Snook and Cirello Tables, and the INSHT Technical Guide. These tools evaluated the physical load and risks of manual lifting. Concurrently, a load lifter was developed, utilizing a tractor system powered by an electric motor and a chain hoist, all automated by a PLC. The evaluations highlighted the high risks of manual load handling. After implementation it reduced unacceptable risk to acceptable as well as the distance workers needed to manually move loads was reduced from 8 meters to 2 meters with the automatic lift, a 75% decrease and increasing process efficiency. The designed hoist has a 500 kg capacity, streamlining the product reception and storage process. The introduction of the freight elevator, as an ergonomic solution, is pivotal in reducing workplace risks and enhancing safety and efficiency. This research underscores the need to embrace advanced technologies to tackle ergonomic issues in work settings.

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Vibrotactile Interface to Improve the Safety of Hearing- Impaired People in Urban Environment

2025 , Muñoz del Salto, Emilio , Topon Visarrea, Blanca , Sarmiento Ortiz, Fabián

This paper presents the development and evaluation of a vibrotactile system designed to improve the safety of hearing-impaired people in urban environments. The system converts critical sounds, such as alarms, vehicle horns and shouts, into specific vibration patterns perceived through the skin. For the evaluation, 10 volunteers were tested and fitted with headphones emitting white noise, preventing them from perceiving external sounds. During the experiment, participants were asked to identify, through wrist vibrations, simulated sounds corresponding to alarms, horns and screams. The system used three vibration patterns: one pulse for a scream, two pulses for a horn and three pulses for an alarm. Results showed that 90% of participants correctly identified the vibratory stimuli, with the alarm being the easiest stimulus to perceive, with an average of 2.9 pulses perceived. The clarity of the vibrations remained high, with an average of 3.2 out of 4 for the alarm, and the comfort of the device was rated as moderately acceptable, with a slight preference towards the more intense stimuli. The vibrotactile system proved to be an effective tool for transmitting critical warning signals, providing hearing impaired people with clear sensory feedback, improving safety and autonomy in urban environments

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