Centro de investigación en Mecatrónica y Sistemas Interactivos
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Intrusion detection system in commands sequences applying one versus rest methodology [Sistema de Detección de Intrusos en secuencia de comandos aplicando la metodología One versus Rest]

2018 , Guevara C.B. , Jadán Guerrero, Janio

The main objective of this work is to develop an intrusion detection algorithm in commands sequences. These sequences are based on user behavior applying in several classification techniques. This algorithm allows obtaining a precision in the identification of fraudulent activities. To develop this algorithm, we have worked with a public database called Unix Commands. In addition, the model applies multiple machine learning techniques such as decision tree C4.5, UCS, and Multilayer Neural Network. In this paper we use two forms for data classification, the first form will be to use the entire dataset with the 7 users, but the difference is that the model applies 5 commands or 16 commands. The model identifies the information of a user and the labeled as normal, otherwise, the user is labeled as an intruder (5 commands - 2 classes, 16 commands - 2 classes). The second form uses the dataset by sequential discrimination (discrimination in form of a decision tree). This methodology is used in the multiclass classification called one versus rest (OVR) (5 commands-OVR, 16 commands-OVR). The algorithm has obtained optimal results in the classification and a low false positive rate. © 2018 AISTI.

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Communication Support for Older Adults Through Pictograms

2023 , Arias Flores, Hugo Patricio , Zapata M. , Sanchez-Gordon S. , Cedillo P.

Changes generated by the pandemic have stimulated new forms of communication through technological devices. Thanks to these, augmentative and alternative communication through the use of pictograms has allowed the development of communicative capacity for people who face health problems, such as speech, limited motor skills, hearing, among others. In particular, for segments of the elderly population with limited communication and technology management skills, it is important to consider usability and accessibility criteria in technological support interfaces design, in order to provide a satisfying and non-intrusive user experience. Support activities must be pleasant and transparent for the effective users’ communication with their environment. In this context, the article presents a methodology for the design of an augmentative communication solution based on pictograms, with the purpose of transmitting the message from the user to the receiver. This article proposes a systematic review of the literature on augmentative and alternative communication, as well as the use of existing pictograms and technologies. The systematic review protocol considered the choice of four digital libraries for the search. The method of search and selection of technological solutions was based on the search for Apps and websites for the use of pictograms through technology to automate and support the communication of elderly. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Localized tactile feedback on a transparent surface through time-reversal wave focusing

2015 , Hudin C. , Lozada J. , Hayward V.

This article addresses the problem of producing independent tactile stimuli to multiple fingers exploring a transparent solid surface without the need to track their positions. To this end, wave time-reversal was applied to re-focus displacement impulses in time and in space at one or several locations in a thin glass plate. This result was achieved using ultrasonic bending waves produced by a set of lamellar piezoelectric actuators bonded at the periphery of the plate. Starting from first principles, the relations linking implementation parameters to the performance of the display are developed. The mechanical design of the display, signal processing, and driving electronics are described. A set of engineering tradeoffs are made explicit and used for the design of a mock up device comprising a glass plate 148 × 210 × 0.5 mm3. Tests indicate that a peak amplitude of 7 μm confined to a 20 mm2 region could be obtained for an average power consumption of 45 mW. Simultaneous focusing at several locations was successfully achieved. We showed that a lumped-mass model for the fingertip can effectively describe the effect of an actual fingertip load at the focus point. Lastly, we elucidated a likely stimulation mechanism that involves the transient decoupling of the finger skin from the plate surface. This phenomenon explains the observed tactile effect. © 2015 IEEE.

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Fostering Business Education Using Playful and STEAM Pedagogy

2022 , Sigcho N. , Jadán Guerrero, Janio

STEAM educates children in science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics fields with an interdisciplinary approach, leading from an early age to adapt to an ever-changing world. This research proposes the use of recyclable materials that exist at home to create domestic laboratories for the development of scientific thinking that support the resolution of problems in daily life. The research methodology was based on data collection from 9 teachers and 130 eighth-year high school students. For data collection, a questionnaire on logical reasoning was applied, which evaluated the ability of students to respond to everyday situations and teachers were surveyed to find out if they use technological educational resources in classrooms. With the results obtained, it is proposed to develop: “Instruments for domestic laboratories.” The results aroused great interest in teachers and students when conducting a satisfaction survey, in which a high degree of motivation and interaction with the resources developed was obtained. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Technology in Favor of Disability: Prevalence Study in Ecuador

2021 , Arias Flores, Hugo Patricio , Acosta-Rodas P. , Jadán Guerrero, Janio , Ramos Galarza, Carlos

People with disabilities and special needs are very important part of the society, their needs have not been covered over time. Globalization and technological development helped identify the importance of various groups with disabilities. In Ecuador, this identification allows this social group to be visible and particularly people with visual disabilities, who represent approximately 11% of the population with disabilities. The objective of this research is to identify Ecuador’s cities that maintain a higher prevalence of people with disabilities. To comply with the study, a descriptive analysis was conducted from public information about people registered by the authorized government control body. Obtaining this information makes it possible to establish a baseline of attention with real data, which allows getting a greater focus on the development of this social group and the attention they should receive. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Analysis of the Level of Accessibility of Scientific Online Conferences for Blind Participants

2021 , Arias Flores, Hugo Patricio , Sanchez-Gordon S. , Calle-Jimenez T.

The change generated by the virtualization of activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the way people participate in countless activities. Scientific conferences, like many other events, were forced by the circumstances to change from face-to-face to online overnight. The goal of this study is to identify the accessibility barriers that the platforms used by scientific online conferences pose for blind participants. The research methodology used was experiential introspection complemented by automated testing. Exploratory tests were conducted by a blind researcher using the JAWS screen reader. Besides, the accessibility evaluation tool WAVE was used to identify non-conformances with the web content accessibility guidelines WCAG. As a result, it was found in some cases a null level of accessibility and, in other cases, complexity was detected in the access to activities. As for no conformances with WCAG, two of the most prominent were empty links and the absence of headings for efficient screen reader navigation. The automated tool showed errors and alerts that need to be fixed in the teleconferencing platforms evaluated. It is presumed that, unfortunately, the moderately or even basic concepts for the participation of users with visual disabilities and blind are not being considered in the platforms used to host virtual scientific conferences. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Use of tangible interfaces to support a literacy system in children with intellectual disabilities

2014 , Jadán Guerrero, Janio , López G. , Guerrero L.A.

People with intellectual disabilities should develop reading and writing skills since children. Otherwise, they will have additional difficulties in their daily life activities, as buying in a store, taking medicaments or getting a job. In this paper we present a prototype that uses tangible interfaces and augmented objects to support a literacy method for children with intellectual disabilities. The prototype was evaluated and the preliminary results showed that the system can not only assists teachers in the classroom, but also helps to better manage the interaction with children and non-traditional interfaces. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014.

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Scale of clinical observation to valuate the third functional unit of the Luria theory: EOCL-1. [Escala de Observación Clínica Para Valorar la Tercera Unidad Funcional de la Teoría de Luria: EOCL-1.]

2019 , Ramos Galarza, Carlos , Benavides-Endara P. , Bolaños-Pasquel M. , Fonseca-Bautista S. , Ramos D.

Luria's brain organization model proposes the interaction of three functional units to understand the work performed by the human brain. The first of them is responsible for the regulation of tone and wakefulness. The second one to receive, process and store the information. The third, and of central interest of the investigation, is responsible for programming, executing and verifying mental activity. To evaluate this theory, a series of experimental neuropsychological tests have been developed, however, a scale has not been proposed that, based on the theoretical precepts on the third functional unit, allows to assess it based on the behaviors of the daily life of the human being. This research proposes a scale that will allow the clinician to assess the mental abilities associated with the ability to program, execute and verify the most complex form of mental activity; integrated in the third functional unit of Luria. The proposal is discussed, based on the benefit that is generated by having a scale that will allow to assess this theory, in the different environments where the individual develops through the action of the cerebral abilities of the third functional unit. © 2019 Fundacion para la difusion neurologica en Ecuador - FUNDINE. All rights reserved.

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Development of a Model for the Construction of Corporate Manuals with QR Codes

2024 , Borja Galeas, Carlos , Arias Flores, Hugo Patricio , Piedra M.

The creation of a brand manual that includes QR triggers makes it possible to unify and update the traditional editorial design with new technologies. The present study exposes a construction model of these corporate identity manuals and all the processes that must be carried out to obtain positive results in their application. The unit of analysis of this research was developed with three brand manuals from companies in the city of Quito, to which augmented reality QR triggers were included, which allowed access to complementary audiovisual material that helps the suppliers of these companies to use and apply the mark appropriately. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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E-learning and M-learning Benefits in the Learning Process

2021 , Cóndor-Herrera, Omar , Bolaños-Pasquel, Mónica , Ramos Galarza, Carlos

This paper elaborates around the perception that students have regarding the learning process based on technological means: e-learning and m-learning combined. The experiment’s sample consisted of 16 students between 9 and 12 years old (37.2% female and 62.5% male). The results showed that most students are in favor of using technology to improve their motivation to learn, which significantly improves their willingness to complete learning activities. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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