Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Artes
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Integration of renewable energies in conventional power systems based on computational reliability

2019 , Cumbajín Alferez, Myriam , Ramírez L. , Gordón C.

We report the successful computational reliability of integrating renewable energy into conventional electric power systems. According to renewable resources available in the province of Imbabura in Ecuador, where there are sufficient renewable resources to generate clean energy with three types of technology, such as wind energy, photovoltaic solar energy and thermoelectric energy. We have been able to conduct two fundamental case studies, and then calculate reliability indices using the non-sequential Monte Carlo method using Matlab programming. The reliability indices allowed us to evaluate the reliability of the system. Due to the fact that the lower the reliability index, the higher the reliability of the system. As a result, this paper provides a promising method for increasing the reliability of electric power systems and supporting the future integration of renewable energies. © 2019, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.

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Tiktok as a Learning Tool for Elementary School Students

2023 , Amaluisa Rendón, Paulina Magally , Espinosa-Pinos C.A. , Núñez-Torres M.G.

The large number of users of the social network Tiktok worldwide and the studies that demonstrate the advantages of its use in relation to its educational capacity encourage us to seek new ways of teaching. The present study was conducted at the Indoamerica Educational University in the city of Ambato-Ecuador during the 2021–2022 school year, comparing the motivation of students of General Basic Education: specifically, Basic Middle (Sublevel 3): fifth, sixth and seventh grade corresponding to boys and girls of 9, 10 and 11 years old respectively, and the use of Tiktok as a learning tool demonstrated in their academic performance. Group A has used Tiktok as a tool for the development of academic activities, while group B has not used it. A quantitative methodology was used with a descriptive-inferential procedure and a qualitative analysis through interviews with educators. A pre-test and a post-test were carried out to demonstrate the children's motivation at the end of the school year. It is confirmed that the children who used Tiktok as a learning tool consider themselves more motivated and show a greater dedication to the proposed subject matter than children who do not use it, which is evidenced in their academic record. On the other hand, the teachers interviewed expressed heterogeneous opinions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Suitable electric generator for pico-hydro power plant in ambato–huachi–pelileo water irrigation channel

2020 , Cumbajín Alferez, Myriam , Sánchez, Patricio , Hidalgo, A. , Gordón, C.

We present the analysis of the selection of electric generator suitable for Pico-Hydro Power Plant in the Ambato-Huachi-Pelileo irrigation channel in Ecuador. For which a meticulous literary review has been carried out about the main characteristics of the Pico-Hydro Power Plant as it is the height, the hydric resource, the turbine and the generator. Considering the water resource, which in our case is provided by the Ambato-Huachi-Pelileo irrigation channel, the parameters of low height and slow speed have been taken around 1.6 m3/s, which has allowed us to analyze the generator suitable for the required Pico-Hydro Power Plant. Therefore, the study conducted has allowed us to conclude that the electric generator suitable for the Pico-Hydro Power Plant in the Ambato-Huachi-Pelileo irrigation channel is a radial flux permanent magnet generator that is capable of providing sufficient electrical power with a simple structure, low revolutions, and high efficiency. Also, a Matlab simulation was developed in order to predict the power which is capable of provide the radial flux permanent magnet generator which in this case is 3.8 KW. This work aims to provide several benefits to the society bordering the irrigation channel, such as generating energy for self-consumption as a contribution to the lighting of the channel at no cost to the public in order that it is not dangerous for the passers at night and providing the ability for maintenance works at any time. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

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Comparative Study in the Comuna Santa Clara de San Millán, Quito - Pedernales Earthquake April 2016

2023 , Ponce, Jorge , Fernandez I. , Bernal F. , Labrada Y.

The Comuna Santa Clara de San Millán is located in the city of Quito, which is a high seismic risk area. On April 16, 2016 an earthquake in Pedernales, Ecuador caused 683 fatalities and substantial material damage [1]. The purpose of the study was to compare the elements of seismic vulnerability manifested in the Comuna Santa Clara de San Millan with those recorded in the Pedernales earthquake. To achieve this, the work evaluates the seismic vulnerability of Comuna Santa Clara de San Millán using qualitative methods, identifies factors in common with the Pedernales earthquake and contrasts the results obtained. The analysis of the data allowed finding typical elements in both sites, such as the construction typology of reinforced concrete frame with unreinforced walls, irregularity in elevation, flat slab with flat beams, and flexible first floor or weak story; it was also identified that 91.7% of the houses reviewed are evaluated as highly vulnerable. The conclusions show the similarity of the structural problems in both places, so similar results could be expected in the event of an earthquake with similar characteristics to the one in Pedernales. This shows the need to continue the seismic vulnerability studies, now using quantitative methods, and to carry out structural reinforcement work in the buildings that require it in the Santa Clara de San Millán Commune. © 2023 IEEE.

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Amazonian Pictograms, Ecuadorian Shuar Culture Applied in Augmented Reality AR for Cultural Dissemination

2023 , Oleas-Orozco J.A. , Jara-Garzón P. , Marin-Tapia N. , Castillo F. , Navas, Eduardo

The original ethnic in Ecuador, have cultural representations great diversity. For example, Shuar culture cosmovision is represented in its graphics, pictograms and icons. However, the knowledge about is low. This research is a study case which analyzes the Augmented Reality AR usefulness, in Shuar culture icons dissemination. The study was carried out in two moments, a development stage with a qualitative research approach, through interviews with Shuar representatives to obtain information. Also, meetings were held with informed cultural managers in ancestral knowledge. Besides, through non-participant field observation, was possible to obtain data on their graphic expressions. This allowed to synthesize 10 main pictograms, which express their worldview conception, understanding of the world and their social organization. With obtained information, an AR APP was developed which contains 3D modeled and animated pictograms. The second research stage, consisted of evaluating its perception, within a focus group made up of Shuar community members, tourists and Macas city people. The results about positive assessment are 83% its usability can be highlighted and 100% contents understanding. Also, ICT, mainly AR, could be of great help for Ecuadorian ancestral cultures knowledge that collaborates with cultural tourism. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Use and Application of Symbolic Solar Lighting in Mayan and Inca Architecture: A Literary Review

2022 , Guzmán J.R.L. , Ormaza M.V.

This literary review examines and analyzes the use of sunlight for symbolic purposes in the architecture of the main pre-hispanic cultures, analyzing how this knowledge has been used since the beginning of human civilization. The first civilizations that studied the apparent solar movement discovered that this knowledge meant an advantage to be able to survive and evolve, so they began to incorporate this knowledge into their architectural works; initially as a tribute, as it was one of the first divinities; then as lighting and later with symbolic or phenomenological purposes by using the effect that light generates when it travels through the architectural elements. With this data collection it is intended to manifest the basic knowledge of applied solar astronomy, to understand the knowledge used by the Mayans and Incas thanks to their empirical and experimental methods. From this review it can be concluded that pre-hispanic cultures were able to study the apparent solar movement and, with it, build their calendars based on their survival needs and at the same time, build religious buildings in which the Sun, through its illumination, plays a leading role for symbolic purposes. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Vernacular Passive Strategies for Sustainable Houses in the Andean Ecuadorian Context

2022 , Ormaza M.V. , Moya Vicuña, Susana , Monar E.

Sustainability and thermal comfort in developing countries could be hard to achieve due to the high cost of standardized construction methods, such as reinforced concrete and steel framed structures. As a result, most dwellings ignore the basic principles of livability and sustainability promoting a high demand of external construction resources and using elevated quantities of energy during its operative life. The purpose of this paper is to analyze passive and vernacular strategies for typical active thermal comfort as alternatives for low rise housing in the Andean region of Ecuador by using rammed earth walls as thermal mass elements. This research aims to reach the minimum comfort levels stablished by INER and ASHRAE 90.1 envelope requirements for climate zone 4C (temperate continental). © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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“La Tejería” Festival: influence on the vernacula architecture of Poaló. Píllaro. Ecuador

2021 , Cardet Garcia, Javier , Paredes E.M. , Velastegui L. , Núñez P.

The importance of vernacular architecture was analyzed, as an expression of the identity of the rural habitat; understanding the relationship between the context and cultural practices. The research was carried out in the San José de Poaló parish, in the Píllaro canton with the aim of analyzing the influence of the popular festival on vernacular architecture. Based on the definition of traditional architecture as part of tangible heritage, the study was approached with a qualitative approach, through observation cards, which described the formal, functional configuration, and the spatial conceptions expressed in its popular festival: “La Trajería” Finally, a proposal of guidelines was raised, for the conservation of customs and their incidence in vernacular constructions. © 2021. The author; licensee Universidad de la Costa - CUC.

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Iterative design to improve the use experience of a digital psycho-pedagogical recovery tool

2023 , Caicedo-Lopez A. , Gordón-Morales J.

The present study aims to establish an evaluation of the interactive tool for psycho-pedagogical recovery "Tití app"through the iterative design based on usability and accessibility metrics, as well as to collect impressions from the user's point of view to establish their experience in the process of interaction with the tool. For this purpose, a methodology that consists of a series of techniques is applied; starting with the analysis of similarities to determine differentiating elements, accessibility and usability evaluations that present a first approach to the tool, and finally, the collection of the user's experience in their interaction with the application triangulated with other techniques like the interview and the evaluative focus group. This allows us to extract valuable information to establish recommendations that promote the improvement of the tool from the perspectives of efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction. © 2023 IEEE.

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Transportation Oriented Development Method: Literature review

2023 , Vega, J , Balcázar R. , Guerra X.

Cities are a wealth production system that attract more and more people in search of a better lifestyle. Migration to cities affects the demand for more housing, services and facilities that, in many cases, imply uncontrolled urban growth, an increase in the number of vehicles, processes of social segregation and effects on natural systems. Indeed, cities are responsible for 70% of greenhouse gas emissions, one of the causes of climate change. Transportation Oriented Development (TOD) is an urban planning model that considers higher density, mixed land use, promotion of public transportation and also promotes a walkable and cycleable environment. This study aims to identify the characteristics of TOD that, from various studies, contribute to the construction of a more efficient and equitable city. The objective is to identify and define the characteristics that build this urban planning approach. A review of the state of the art was carried out in two phases: the first consisted of a bibliometric review based on the Vosviewer software and in the second, 28 articles published in high-impact journals were reviewed according to the Scimago ranking. The results indicate that several of the characteristics of TOD overlap in several studies and that others are not considered at a general level and should be strengthened. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

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