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    Item type:Publication,
    Integration of Simulation in Strategic Decision-Making in Dairy Industry
    (2026)
    Herrera, Vicente-D.
    In the context of Industry 4.0, the challenge of improving process efficiency and decision-making in the dairy industry remains critical. This study addresses this problem by evaluating the application of Flexsim simulation software to optimize a dairy plant’s production processes. The main objective of the work is to demonstrate how simulation can enhance production efficiency and reduce material blockages. The methodology involved developing a detailed simulation model of the production line using Flexsim, where multiple scenarios were analyzed to identify bottlenecks and optimize resource allocation. Key results showed an 11.11% improvement in production efficiency and a reduction in blocked material from 36.09 to 10.48%. These findings highlight the ability of Flexsim to support tactical decision-making based on precise and real data. Despite some limitations, such as the complexity of model development, the study concludes that simulation is an essential tool for continuous improvement and maintaining competitiveness in the dairy industry, with potential applications in various industrial sectors. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.
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    Fermatean fuzzy score function and distance measure based group decision making framework for household waste recycling plant location selection
    (2024)
    Arunodaya Raj Mishra
    ;
    Pratibha Rani
    ;
    Parvaneh Saeidi  
    ;
    Muhammet Deveci
    ;
    Adel Fahad Alrasheedi
    The household waste (HW) disposal and recycling have become a significant challenge due to increasing quantities of generated household wastes and increased levels of urbanization. Selecting locations/sites for building new HW recycling plant comprises numerous sustainability dimensions, thus, this work aims to develop new decision-making model for evaluating and prioritizing the HW recycling plant locations. This paper is categorized into three phases. First, we propose new improved score function to compare the Fermatean fuzzy numbers. Moreover, an example is presented to validate the effectiveness of proposed score function over the extant ones. Second, we introduce new distance measure to estimate the discrimination degree between Fermatean fuzzy sets (FFSs) and further discuss its advantages over the prior developed Fermatean fuzzy distance measures. Third, we introduce an integrated methodology by combining the method with the removal effects of criteria (MEREC), the stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and the measurement alternatives and the ranking according to compromise solution (MARCOS) approaches with Fermatean fuzzy (FF) information, and named as the “FF-MEREC-SWARA-MARCOS” framework. In this method, the FF-distance measure is used to find the weights of involved decision-making experts. Moreover, an integrated criteria weighting method is presented with the combination of MEREC and SWARA models under the context of FFSs, while the combined FF-MEREC-SWARA-MARCOS model is applied to evaluate and prioritize the locations for HW recycling plant development, which illustrates its feasibility of the developed framework. Comparative study and sensitivity assessment are conducted to validate the obtained outcomes. This work provides a hybrid decision analysis approach, which marks a significant impact to the HW recycling plant location selection process with uncertain information.
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