Ramos Galarza, Carlos
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Ramos Galarza, Carlos
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Quito
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carlosramos@uti.edu.ec
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57219164869

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Psychological Factors that Influence Decision Making at the Time of Purchase

2024 , Ramos Galarza, Carlos , Micaela Silva , Cruz Cárdenas, Jorge , Bolaños-Pasquel, Mónica

In the buying process there are several factors that determine consumer behavior, which is a central topic of interest in the Neuromarketing research line. In this article we reflect on psychological factors that influence this context: Following fashion stereotypes, the role of the frontal lobe, product purchase anxiety, the psychology behind colors, and personality traits that influence the buying process. The methodology followed was the review of classic research and theories that allowed us to analyze the psychological factors involved in the buying process. The article ends by discussing the need to understand the factors discussed in this research in order to better understand consumer behavior.

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Enhancing mathematics learning with 3D augmented reality escape room

2024 , Zapata, Mireya , Ramos Galarza, Carlos , Valencia-Aragón, Kevin , Lidia Guachi

Learning mathematics is a challenge for many students, especially because of the traditionalist method with which its contents are taught. To a large extent, mathematics classes generate little motivation in students, so in this research, a novel technological method based on augmented reality is applied to improve the mathematics learning process, particularly the techniques of solving systems of linear equations. The research design used was a two-phase mixed sequential confirmatory type. The research worked with a sample of 65 students (Mage=17.72, SD=0.65; 58.5% female and 41.5% male). In the first phase, a quasi-experimental study was designed with an experimental group (M=32) and a control group (M=33). The experimental group received a mathematics teaching and learning intervention based on augmented reality vs. the control group, which received a traditional educational process. The experimental group showed improvements in acquired knowledge and motivation compared to the control group students. In the qualitative phase, two focus groups were conducted with students from their respective groups. In the experimental group, the following categories were identified: interesting, fun, innovative, and entertaining. The control group identified the following categories: little attention, low interest in learning, tired knowledge, and lack of motivation. The results are discussed in relation to the need to generate educational processes that benefit mathematics learning

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Technological Intervention Through the Virtual Assistant Alexa in the Development of Linguistic Skills of a New Language

2021 , Cóndor-Herrera, Omar , Jadán Guerrero, Janio , Acosta Rodas P. , Ramos Galarza, Carlos

Nowadays, technological advances have made possible the constant innovation of education, adding resources, tools, and technological devices that are rapidly updated, and improved, is in this scenario where it is proposed to take advantage of the benefits that technology offers, plus the set of informatic abilities that current students have developed from early stages, in benefit of education, since these abilities make easier for teachers to introduce tools, and technological devices into the teaching-learning process. The present research consisted on a technological intervention using the virtual assistant Alexa, with the aim of working on linguistic abilities to learn a new language. The study was conducted with a sample of 32 children aged between 9 and 12 years old. The procedure consisted in the application of an initial assessment (pre-test), then, along 6 weeks an intervention based on the application of Alexa virtual assistant was made, and, at the end of the intervention, a post-test was applied. The intervention focused on four abilities: vocabulary, comprehension of English language, communication skills, and skills of meaning. As results, in vocabulary, there were found statistically significant differences between the pre (M = 4.06), and post-test (M = 7.19); in the comprehension of English language, pre (M = 2.38), and post-test (M = 3.47); regarding communication skills, pre (M = 2.28), and post-test (M = 3.09); and, in skills of meaning, the mean obtained in the pre-test was (M = 3.31), and post-test (M = 4.66); these results contribute with empirical evidence about the improvement in learning a new language. From this research, it is proposed to continue using, and discovering the benefits of different innovations in educative context. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Technological Innovation to Assess Cognitive Functions in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2021 , Ramos Galarza, Carlos , Acosta-Rodas M. , Acosta-Vargas P. , Salvador-Ullauri L.

The development of a neuropsychological assessment procedure through a technological platform for children with ADHD. This platform is based on Python programming language, where stimuli have been inserted and, to which, children evaluated must respond freely (letters P), and others to which must inhibit his/her responses (letters R), using an adapted button box (greater attraction for children with ADHD). Variables of interest to the clinician are (a) number of responses to impulse control stimuli, (b) total time of execution of the task, (c) time in milliseconds from the moment when the stimulus is presented until getting a response from the child, and (d) total answers made. This study was applied in children with ADHD versus children without the disorder, finding that children with ADHD presented a mean error of M = 5.05 while children without ADHD M = 3.42. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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The role of executive functions in academic performance and behaviour of university students

2020 , Ramos Galarza, Carlos , Acosta-Rodas P. , Bolaños-Pasquel, Mónica , Lepe-Martínez N.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is fourfold: first, to analyse the relationship between executive functions and academic performance; second, to identify the level of prediction executive functions have on academic performance; third, to determine the correlation between executive functions and academic performance; and fourth, to compare executive functions based on the level of academic performance. Design/methodology/approach: The sample composed of 175 university students aged between 18 and 36 years (M=21.49, SD=3.22). The EFECO scale, the average student grade and a scale based on the diagnostic criteria for ADHD were used as measurement instruments. Findings: Difficulties in executive functions: Difficulties in working memory (r=−0.30, p=<0.01) and difficulties in conscious supervision of behaviour (r=−0.29, p⩽0.01) have an inversely proportional relationship to academic performance (the greater the deficit of executive functions, the lower the academic performance). The regression analysis showed that executive functions explain 31 per cent of the variance of academic performance (χ2(25)=43.81, p <0.001). The study found that there is a relationship between all the executive functions and students’ behaviour in a medium to large magnitude. Research limitations/implications: A limitation of this study was the size of the sample as it is not representative of the country. Nevertheless, the correlation among the variables studied here has the necessary magnitude for the proposed correlations to be found. Nonetheless, it is necessary that we perform a study with a larger number of participants in order to achieve adequate extrapolation of the results. Practical implications: Data found in this study suggest that low academic performance of university students is related to a lower functionality of their executive functions. Originality/value: The originality of the research lies in relating specific concepts of neuropsychology to explain the academic performance of university students. The research findings allow us to project new studies to improve the executive functions for the benefit of the university student. © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited.

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Bibliometric Analysis of Existing Knowledge on Digital Transformation in Higher Education

2022 , Cruz Cárdenas, Jorge , Ramos Galarza, Carlos , Guadalupe-Lanas J. , Palacio-Fierro A. , Galarraga Carvajal, Mercedes

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have been feeling great pressure to advance in digital transformation. This pressure has been intensified with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019. Because the digital transformation of HEIs has been attracting a growing number of publications, the present study sought to carry out a bibliometric analysis of such titles. For this purpose, 643 relevant documents were identified from the Scopus database in January 2022. The descriptive results show an accelerated growth of the relevant literature, with conference papers being the main form of publication, followed by articles, conference reviews, and book chapters. The areas with which the majority of documents were associated were computer science, followed by social science, engineering, and business and management. An analysis of the co-occurrence of terms based on the titles and abstracts enabled the identification of three thematic areas of interest: 1) digital transformation in teaching, particularly under the pressure exerted by COVID-19; 2) environmental influences on the digital transformation of HEIs; and 3) enabling technologies for digital transformation. A longitudinal analysis also based on titles and abstracts allows us to see how the primary focus shifted from the economic issue (in 2019) to the COVID issue (in 2021). This study concludes by discussing the theoretical and practical implications of the findings, demonstrating as a particularly interesting area for future research the study of the digital transformation of HEIs in a future post-COVID scenario. © 2022, The Author(s).

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Talented soccer players, the big secret is in the brain: The great tragedy of the star player and the fate of magicians with a preserved nervous systems

2017 , Ramos Galarza, Carlos , Peña-García S. , Pérez-Salas C. , Cadena-Almeida I. , Jadán Guerrero, Janio , Bolaños-Pasquel M.

In previous work, we have presented case studies from fascinating films for the eye of the neuropsychologist;1,2,3 continuing with this line of research, we describe here for your consideration a critical analysis of the role of brain functions in one of the most fascinating sports, soccer. In this analysis, we will look more closely at the brain damage suffered by the great footballer Salvador Cabañas and the role of the highly complex brain functions that allow the magical players to stand out in this sport. In the next pages, we present the case of Salvador Cabañas, both before and after his cerebral accident, and later we analyze the cerebral functions that are activated in brilliant players like Messi or Ronaldinho. We conclude this article by reflecting on the role of the brain in our normal human activities, and how catastrophic it becomes on a daily basis when our brain tissue is damaged so that as a result of this condition we can lose everything. © 2017 Fundacion para la difusion neurologica en Ecuador - FUNDINE. All Rights Reserved.

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Virtual Assistants and Its Implementation in the Teaching-Learning Process

2021 , Cóndor-Herrera, Omar , Jadán Guerrero, Janio , Ramos Galarza, Carlos

Nowadays, technological advances encompass realities that in the last century were possible just as fantasies. Society lives now in a technological era where education must look for the path and tools to get the benefits that these advances offer, as well as the technological innate abilities that have been developed in students of this generation, who have been nominated as digital natives. For 2017 the capacities and use of virtual assistants have been significantly expanded, new products are offered in the market, although, these assistants are sub-used with basic functions solely, not taking into account the offered benefits. The present work aims to describe the different virtual assistants that could be used as an educational tool contributing to the teaching-learning process. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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A Systematic Literature Review on Human-Computer Interaction to Support Older Adults’ Physical and Cognitive Health

2025 , Priscila Cedillo , Paúl Cárdenas-Delgado , Andrea Paulina Rodríguez Zúñiga , Lorena Encalada-Torres , Ramos Galarza, Carlos , Jadán Guerrero, Janio

Emerging hardware and software technologies have increased the development of technological solutions for people, particularly those focused on older adults' healthcare. Human-computer interaction is a research area that uses motion capture devices as input interaction devices, e.g., touch screen devices, wearables, eye trackers, and more. Numerous primary studies have provided support and training tools for older people with physical and cognitive diseases. However, there is a need for more secondary studies that systematically summarize and evidence these solutions. To address this gap, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify and interpret all studies from 2006 to 2023 that present human-computer techniques, motion capture devices, tools, and methodologies for older adults' physical and cognitive training and support. The review aims to answer the research question: "What devices and applications of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) can be used to support the neuropsychological and motor condition of older adults?". The review identified 1140 potential papers from automatic searches in three digital libraries and manual searches in specialized journals and conferences. Three domain experts (computer engineer, electronics engineer, and psychologist) reviewed the papers based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and selected 79 papers for the review. Additionally, Fleiss' kappa measure was used to achieve agreement between raters. The results provide a comprehensive overview of the state of research in this area, which can assist researchers in identifying weaknesses, directing research efforts, and new research lines. Additionally, the results can serve as a reference guide for professionals in technical and health areas who can contribute to creating better and innovative solutions to aid the older population's physical and cognitive training and support.

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Technological Resources for the Treatment of ADHD: A Systematic Review

2024 , Ramos Galarza, Carlos , Micaela Silva , Bolaños-Pasquel, Mónica

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a psychological pathology that affects children, young people and adults with impulsivity, distractibility, excessive motor activity and difficulties in impulse control. Previous research affirms that about 5% of the population presents this disorder and that its problems generate a negative influence in the family, social, personal, work, and educational environments. The treatment of ADHD is characterized by the application of classic methods of pencil and paper; however, for the current generation it is not a process that is the most attractive. In this context, technological proposals emerge that allow making ADHD treatment a more attractive process for children and young people of today's generation. In this article, a systematic review is made of the various technological proposals created for the treatment of this syndrome. With this work, the clinician specialized in ADHD can count on current tools to incorporate them in his daily work

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