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Prototype of a Low Cost Turbine for the Generation of Clean Energy in the Ecuadorian Amazon

2020 , Guáitara B. , Buele, Jorge , Salazar F.W. , Varela Aldas, José

Access to electricity supply in remote areas is limited, despite having wealth of other natural resources such as water. This document presents the design and construction of a scale electric generation system, taking advantage of the hydraulic energy produced by a constant flow of water flow. For this, the turbine design is described, which is based on the principles of Francis and Kaplan. In addition, the structural design made in CAD/CAM software and the actual implementation of the system are shown. To determine the generated electric potential, the electromagnetic analysis is performed based on the Maxwell-Faraday equation and the respective calculations. The validation of this proposal is determined by conducting experimental tests with balanced, unbalanced, series and parallel coils and with their implementation in a home. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Temperature Controller Using the Takagi-Sugeno-Kang Fuzzy Inference System for an Industrial Heat Treatment Furnace

2020 , Buele, Jorge , Ríos-Cando P. , Brito G. , Moreno-P R. , Salazar F.W.

The industrial welding industry has a high energy consumption due to the heating processes carried out. The heat treatment furnaces used for reheating equipment made of steel require a good regulator to control the temperature at each stage of the process, thereby optimizing resources. Considering dynamic and variable temperature behavior inside the oven, this paper proposes the design of a temperature controller based on a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy inference system of zero order. Considering the reaction curve of the temperature process, the plant model has been identified with the Miller method and a subsequent optimization based on the descending gradient algorithm. Using the conventional plant model, a TSK fuzzy model optimized by the recursive least square’s algorithm is obtained. The TSK fuzzy controller is initialized from the conventional controller and is optimized by descending gradient and a cost function. Applying this controller to a real heat treatment system achieves an approximate minimization of 15 min with respect to the time spent with a conventional controller. Improving the process and integrated systems of quality management of the service provided. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Implementation of an electro-optical sensor in the twin otter fae plane for the strengthening of the strategic surveillance capacity [Implementación de un sensor electro-óptico en el avión twin otter fae para el fortalecimiento de la capacidad estratégica de vigilancia]

2020 , León G. , Enríquez V. , Salazar F.W. , Guallo J.F. , Urrutia F. , Buele, Jorge

In this research work, a feasibility study is presented in order to install an electro-optical sensor on the Twin Otter DHC-6 aircraft of the Ecuadorian Air Force, to strengthen the strategic capacity of surveillance, reconnaissance and intelligence. The study took into consideration the limitations and restrictions inherent to the aircraft, which is why it was decided to make a temporary, non-invasive and easy to assemble installation. For the study of affectation, the aerodynamic, structural analysis, loads, weight and balance were considered. Mechanical components and a fairing have been designed in composite materials, so that the sensor attachment is safe and has an aerodynamic surface that reduces the drag coefficient generated. To validate this prototype, a comparison of the aircraft in its normal state with respect to the adhesion of this device is made through tests and simulations. © 2020, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.

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Structural design of a telemetry and video surveillance system implemented in a UAV [Diseño estructural de un sistema de telemetría y videovigilancia implementado en un UAV]

2020 , Moscoso M.E. , Yánez-Arcos E. , Enríquez V. , Cuji J. , Naranjo-ávalos H. , Salazar F.W. , Buele, Jorge

Exploration and monitoring in areas of great extension, where illegal activities could be carried out is a problem that affect to Latin American air forces. Therefore, this research paper describes the structural design of a telemetry system to develop surveillance missions in a small-range UAV prototype. The appropriate elements that are part of the unmanned aerial system (UAS) are determined based on an aerodynamic analysis, determine the best technology, at a reduced cost. The equipment is installed and conditioned maintaining the specific conditions of the aircraft, for stable flights and reliable communication links. The validation of this proposal is carried out through a set of tests that confirm its high reliability, despite being a prototype system. © 2020, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.

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Monitoring System for Physical Water Quality Parameters and Automatic Control for Chlorine Dosing in a Aerator Treatment Plant

2021 , Balarezo J.C. , Buele, Jorge , Naranjo-Avalos H. , Castillo F. , Vargas W.G. , Salazar F.W.

This work proposes the development and creation of an automatic monitoring and control system for the dosage of chlorine in the water treatment plant, purifying the vital liquid and avoiding the distribution and consumption of water contaminated by microorganisms. This is achieved by monitoring the physical parameters through the data sent by wireless sensors, acquiring them in a database, sending the data in real time to a web server, where they can be visible to the public, and generating automatic control in Based on the data obtained, this occurs in a water treatment pools. For this, a Raspberry Pi board is used, it acts as a data store, two Arduino Mega, acting as control nodes, a LAN server, and a PID control for the automatic control of chlorine dosage, thus achieving precautionary that the water is disinfected from any microorganism present. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

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Prototype System of Geolocation Educational Public Transport Through Google Maps API

2020 , Salazar F.W. , Naranjo-Ávalos H. , Buele, Jorge , Pintag M.J. , Buenaño É.R. , Reinoso C. , Urrutia-Urrutia P. , Varela Aldas, José

Urban traffic complications in most underdeveloped countries and congestion in all metropolitan areas has become a daily problem with a difficult solution. Disorganized mobility of drivers and pedestrians along with the increase in travel time, non-compliance with schedules, air pollution and intolerable sound levels, have harmful effects on human health. Therefore, this research describes a geolocation system of urban transport through a mobile application developed on the Xamarin platform. Drivers send the latitude and longitude points when starting a route, this data will be sent to the SQL SERVER online database server, using the SmarterASP.NET platform. By developing the geolocation system in ASP.NET, the coordinates are available to users in an interval of 5 s. The developed interface shows a location map, where the route in real time is presented. It also shows the administration of users, drivers, buses, assignment of routes, assignment of buses and registration of static routes. Being a prototype system, the university transport system has been taken as an object of study to corroborate its correct operation with the respective experimental tests. Satisfaction surveys have also been carried out on a group of 300 people, among students and university teachers and their validation is carried out through the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM). To interpret the results, Kendall Tau-b correlation analysis was used, obtaining positive correlation values with a high significance value. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Carwash Station Prototype with Automatic Payment Using Intelligent Control Systems

2021 , Buele, Jorge , Quilumba D. , Ilvis D.I. , Saá F. , Salazar F.W.

The daily activities of human being can be improved with the use of technology. Therefore, in this work we propose the design of an imperative system of automatic payment to prevent contact between people, avoiding the transmission of viruses and bacteria. Thus, new appropriate and innovative tools are created and applied to business models for the industrial and service sectors. Using and integrating communication between visual programming platforms, telecommunications (messaging) and online payments, using a programmable automaton, an HMI and a Raspberry board. The results show a robust platform framed in electronic payment technology with high performance and very reliable that uses the MQTT protocol for communication. The results show a time of 2.07 s in data writing after sending the signal and 0.80 s of reading the PLC outputs to the monitoring page. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Interpreting Felony Acts Using Georeferenced Data. Case Study in Ambato, Ecuador

2021 , Castillo F. , Naranjo-Ávalos H. , Buele, Jorge , Varela Aldas, José , Amaguaña Y.D. , Salazar F.W.

Georeferenced tools have made it possible to use the information collected through e-collaboration environments in a better way. Nevertheless, no study has been found on quantifying the influence of software tools over the capacity of interpreting data of victims of some kind of felony. This paper aims to validate the technology acceptance of applications georeferencing crimes using a prototype that could be useful for certain institutions to generate public policies. A web prototype is implemented to georeference data provided by felony acts victims. The application’s prototype was validated by a group of 122 college students using the Technology Acceptance Model. The results were interpreted with the help of Kendall Tau-b correlation analysis where highly significant positive correlation values were obtained. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Telemetry and Video Surveillance System in a UAV for the Control and Monitoring of Long-Distance Missions

2020 , Buele, Jorge , Yánez-Arcos E. , Moscoso M.E. , Huilca J.S. , Jordán E.P. , Urrutia-Urrutia P. , Salazar F.W.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are multidisciplinary technological tools, which are used in the military area for surveillance, reconnaissance and intelligence tasks in conflict zones. Due to its versatility and performance, this manuscript describes the implementation of a telemetry and video surveillance system to develop long-range missions in a UAV prototype. Communications subsystems and a ground station are integrated, with which an unmanned aerial system (UAS) is formed, carrying out the necessary calibrations and configurations. After a set of tests and the necessary adjustments, a long-distance mission is carried out and its energy consumption, height reached and trajectory tracking are analyzed. In addition, the video signal level obtained and the percentage of telemetry signal in each of the tests are established, which managed to be 90% with a distance greater than 4 km. They have good benefits, with a low economic investment, representing an interesting proposal for developing countries with a limited budget for their improvement. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.