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RF Energy Harvesting System Based on Spiral Logarithmic Dipole Rectenna Array

2023 , Cumbajín Alferez, Myriam , Sánchez, Patricio , Pillajo D. , Gordón C.

This paper presents the development, design, simulation and fabrication of a logarithmic spiral antenna array for the electromagnetic energy collection system independent of frequency, compact in microstrip technology, low cost and operating within a range of frequencies. 1 to 4 GHz, are designed using the CST Studio software that allows modeling and simulating essential parameters such as radiation lobes, VSWR, power, gain, parameter S11. From these simulations the printing is done on an RF4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm, a dielectric constant of 4.4 and an input impedance of 50 Ω. The resonator structure antenna with dimensions of 190 × 210 mm. The frequencies obtained with the rectenna matrix, since it offers good performance for electromagnetic energy harvesting applications that operate in standard frequencies such as GSM, WiFi, LTE which are available in the environment and allows us to collect energy. To obtain electrical energy as part of the design of a frequency rectifier which is optimized with the application of the Schottky diode. In addition, its construction of the rectenna matrix was carried out based on the proposed design, then performance tests and validation of the prototype were carried out using the miniVNA Tiny spectrum verifier, and finally energy storage tests were carried out. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Integration of renewable energies in conventional power systems based on computational reliability [Integración de energías renovables en sistemas de energía eléctrica convencionales basados en confiabilidad computacional]

2019 , Cumbajín Alferez, Myriam , Ramírez L. , Gordón C.

We report the successful computational reliability of integrating renewable energy into conventional electric power systems. According to renewable resources available in the province of Imbabura in Ecuador, where there are sufficient renewable resources to generate clean energy with three types of technology, such as wind energy, photovoltaic solar energy and thermoelectric energy. We have been able to conduct two fundamental case studies, and then calculate reliability indices using the non-sequential Monte Carlo method using Matlab programming. The reliability indices allowed us to evaluate the reliability of the system. Due to the fact that the lower the reliability index, the higher the reliability of the system. As a result, this paper provides a promising method for increasing the reliability of electric power systems and supporting the future integration of renewable energies. © 2019, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.

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Smart Antenna Array for Optimal Electromagnetic Energy Capture

2023 , Cumbajín Alferez, Myriam , Sánchez, Patricio , Escobar E. , Gordón C.

Smart antennas are currently one of the most exploited fields in terms of wireless networks, allowing high data transmission capacities, this is achieved by focusing the radiation on the desired direction and adjusting to the environment and conditions in which communications are developed. Smart antennas employ a set of radiating and emitting and combining elements organized in the form of arrangements connected at a common point to guarantee the required power, the signals from these elements are combined to form a moving beam pattern that follows a pattern determined by the user or designer. The consumption of energy within communication systems is considered a big problem and a challenge when carrying out implementations in media where the storage or recharging of the end terminals is complicated by their location, this trend grows with the presence of the Internet of the IoT things, where it is directly dependent on the construction of a large wireless network that allows everything to be interconnected, for this reason there are investigations in the 2.4 and 5.8 GHz bands and represents future work for the 5th Generation (5G) cell phone. The great possibility of collecting electromagnetic energy from densely populated urban areas becomes a great renewable source of power for communication devices for both existing Wi-Fi technology and new technologies such as the 5G network. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Hybrid Storage System Based on Rectenna and Photovoltaic Cells for Low Power IoT Wireless Devices

2023 , Cumbajín Alferez, Myriam , Valle M. , Gordón C. , Peñafiel C.

This article presents the results of a research project, in which a system for harvesting Radio Frequency energy in the Wi-Fi frequency and a system for harvesting solar energy were developed, later they were connected. The two voltage sources collected in series to add them and an MT3608 circuit was added to its output, to have a regulated voltage between 5 to 27 V at the system output and charge a 3.7 V lithium battery at 300 mA, and a 9 V battery. The antenna that was designed was a patch-type Sierpinski carpet until the second interaction, which together with a two-stage Cockcroft Walton multiplier is improved to acquire up to 254 mV, the solar panel on the other hand was a 6 V at 150 mA, when implementing the entire system, 27 V were acquired at the output, a voltage that, thanks to the MT3608 regulator, can be regulated to obtain a sufficiently voltage at the output of the system. To carry out several systems loads tests in different day conditions such as: cloudy, sunny and at night, managing to charge 90% 3.7 V and 9 V batteries in 4 h. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Multiband Microstrip Antennas for Energy Harvesting Systems

2022 , Gordón C. , Criollo W. , Cumbajín Alferez, Myriam , Peñafiel C.

In this paper, the development of two microstrip antennas for electromagnetic energy harvesting systems is presented. The first one, is the Hybrid Resonator Planar Structure Antenna operating at a specific 900 MHz frequency, while the other is an Archimedean Spiral Multiband Antenna working in a frequency range of 1 to 3 GHz, both were developed for energy harvesting systems. Both antennas were designed using CST Studio software and fabricated in a low cost FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm, dielectric constant of 4.4 and an input impedance of 50 Ω. The frequencies achieved with the antennas are very promising, as it offers good performance for electromagnetic energy harvesting applications since it operates at standard frequencies such as GSM, Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS which are available in the environment and allow us to harvest energy at any place and any time. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.